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Journal Articles Flashcards

0
Q

Where is the plexus situated?

A

Posterior aspect and mostly within the substance of the psoas major.

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1
Q

Patient positioning is the same for LLIF and Direct Look. T/F

A

True

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2
Q

What does the plexus lie in front of?

A

Transverse processes

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3
Q

In the lateral decubitus position the plexus is located where?

A

Dorsal in zone 4

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4
Q

What zone is the genitofemoral nerve found?

A 
Zone 2 (L2/3)
Zone 1 (L3/4)
Zone 1 (L4/5-anterior surface of the psoas)
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5
Q

Name the segment, innervated muscles, and cutaneous branches for the following nerve.
Iliohypogastric

A

T12-L1, transverse abdominus, abdominal internal oblique; anterior and lateral cutaneous.

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6
Q

Name the segment, innervated muscles, and cutaneous branches for the following nerve.
Lateral femoral cutaneous

A

L2-3- lateral femoral cutaneous

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7
Q

Name the segment, innervated muscles, and cutaneous branches for the following nerve.
Femoral

A

L2-4-iliopsoas,pectineus,sartorius,quadriceps femoris;anterior cutaneous branches,saphenous

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8
Q

Name the segment, innervated muscles, and cutaneous branches for the following nerve.
Short direct muscle branches

A

T12-L4-psoas major,quadratus lumborum,iliacus,lumbar intertransverse

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9
Q

Name the safe working zone for each vertebral level.

A

L1/2-2/3-3/4(zone 3)

L4/5(zone 2-3)

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10
Q

Sensory nerves run freely in the retroperotineal cavity? T/F

A

True

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11
Q

Neuro-monitoring threshold values stimulating _________ are considered safe for advancement through the psoas towards the disc space.

A

> 10

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12
Q

When looking at a radiograph of the lumbar spine demonstrating the division of the VB into four zones, (1-4) anterior to posterior, the relative safe zone is?

A

Zone 3

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13
Q

The risk of motor and sensory nerve injury is present when traversing the lumbosacral plexus with a dilator. T/F

A

True

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14
Q

When finger dissecting through the retroperotineal space, as a reference the lumbar plexus lies anteriorly to the ____________ of the vertebral body.

A

Transverse process

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15
Q

Electrophysiological monitoring is reported not to be useful in the prevention of femoral nerve injury while traversing the psoas muscle with a dilator. T/F

A

False

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16
Q

At what level is the genitofemoral nerve identified on the anterior surface of the psoas?

A

L4/5

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17
Q

The ___________ nerve innervated the cremaster muscle in males.

A

Genitofemoral

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18
Q

The psoas muscle is larger in diameter at which space?

A

L4/5

19
Q

The lumbar plexus is a retroperotineal structure that can be found lying on the dorsal surface and within the substance of the psoas major muscle. T/F

A

True

20
Q

When entering the retroperotineal space it is best to gently dissect the retro fat from anterior to posterior? T/F

A

False. Posterior to anterior

21
Q

Intraoperative EMG nerve monitoring will detect sensory nerves such as the genitofemoral nerve? T/F

A

False

22
Q

The ________ formed from the branches of L2-3,3-4,4-5 nerves, is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus and was found ________ in the psoas muscle?

A

Femoral nerve, deep

23
Q

When finger dissecting, found as reference, found at the posterior wall of the retroperotineal space is the quadratus lumborum muscle. T/F

A

True

24
Q

At 50lbs of resistance, the Caliber L group achieved a maximum height of ___________mm.

A

3.24mm

25
Q

If you wanted to see less subsidence in LLIF cases, would you want stronger or weaker endplates?

A

Stronger

26
Q

How much stronger are endplates with Caliber L versus Coroent?

A

30%

27
Q

If you wanted more indirect decompression in an LLIF case, would you want more or less distraction in the disc space?

A

More

28
Q

When examining the foam blocks, which group had more damage? Coroent or Caliber L?

A

Coroent

29
Q

The most important line in the Kwon-Hunter paper is?

A

Due to the impaction damage to the endplates, the Caliber-L group exhibited a 30% increase in endplate strength compare to the Coroent group.

30
Q

In the Dr. Kwon and Dr. Hunter paper, the main point of the study was what?

A

Endplate strength

31
Q

In the Hunter paper with 50lbs of resistance and the goal of 2mm distraction, the Coroent group achieved distraction of _______ while the Caliber L achieved ________ distraction.

A

1.11mm / 1.57mm

32
Q 
All of the following nerves are sensory nerves except\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
Iliohypogastric 
Ilioinguinal 
Femoral
Genitofemoral
A

Femoral

33
Q

What ligament is between the disc space and great vessels?

A

ALL

34
Q

What is the name of the group of nerves contained within the psoas major?

A

Lumbar plexus

35
Q

At what level does the spinal cord stop and the cauda equina begin?

A

L1-L2

36
Q

Where is the typical level you find the bifurcation of the greater vessels?

A

L5

37
Q

What is the curvature of the lumbar spine?

A

Lordosis

38
Q

The primary function of a ligament is to?

A

Restrain motion

39
Q

In a lateral approach, what is between the transverse abdominus and psoas.

A

Retroperotineal fat

40
Q

What ligament is between the disc space and vertebral foramen?

A

PLL

41
Q

Name the 3 muscle layers in order upon approach in the lateral position.

A

External oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominus

42
Q

In the Dr. Hunter paper, the main point of the study was what?

A

Distraction ability

43
Q

The ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve yield sensation to parts of the abdomen and groin. T/f

A

True

43
Q

Before dissecting through the psoas, you should first.

A

Locate the genitofemoral nerve.

43
Q

Anatomical safe zones are always reliable, as the lumbar plexus remains static even with movement of the patients lower extremities. T/F

A

False

46
Q

In the Dr. Hunter paper, the main point of the study was what?

A

Distraction ability

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