Joints Of Thorax

Question 1

Manubriosternal Joint

Answer 1

• secondary cartilaginous joint (symphysis)
• permits slight movements of the body of the sternum on the manubrium during respiration.
• These joints often fuse and become synostoses in older individuals.

Question 2

what are the two types of costovertebral joints ?

What type are costovertebral joints?

Answer 2

• Joints of Heads of ribs.
• costotransverse joints.

costovertebral joints are synovial plane joints.

Question 3

Joints of heads of ribs

Answer 3

The head of the rib articulates with the superior costal facet of the corresponding (same-numbered) vertebra, the inferior costal facet of the vertebra superior to it, and the adjacent intervertebral (IV) disc uniting the two vertebrae.
Example:
head of the 6th rib articulates with the superior costal facet of the body of the T6 vertebra, the inferior costal facet of T5, and the IV disc between these vertebrae.

Question 4

Ligaments of joints of heads of ribs

Answer 4

• crest of the head of the rib attaches to the IV disc by an intra-articular ligament of head of rib within the joint.
• fibrous layer of the joint capsule is strongest anteriorly, where it forms a radiate ligament of head of rib that fans out from the anterior margin of the head of the rib to the sides of the bodies of two vertebrae and the IV disc between them.

Question 5

Movements at joints of heads of ribs.

Answer 5

The heads of the ribs connect so closely to the vertebral bodies that only slight gliding movements occur at the (demi)facets of the joints of the heads of ribs; however, even slight movement here may produce a relatively large excursion of the distal (sternal or anterior) end of a rib

Question 6

Costotransverse Joints

Answer 6

• tubercle of a typical rib articulates with facet on anterior surface of the transverse process of the corresponding vertebra.
• it is a synovial joint.

Question 7

Ligaments of the costotransverse joints

Answer 7

• Abundant ligaments lateral to the posterior parts (vertebral arches) of the vertebrae provide strength to and limit the movements of these joints, which have only thin joint capsules.

Question 8

Costotransverse Ligament (costotransverse joint)

Answer 8

• passing from neck of rib to the transverse process.

Question 9

Lateral Costotransverse Ligament (costotransverse joint)

Answer 9

• passes from the tubercle of the rib to the tip of the transverse process. - strengthens the anterior and posterior aspects of the joint.

Question 10

Superior Costotransverse Ligament (costotransverse joint)

Answer 10

• broadband connecting the crest of neck of the rib and the transverse process of the vertebra above it.
• divided into:
  
  • strong anterior costotransverse ligament.
  • weak posterior costotransverse ligament.

Question 11

what structures pass through the aperture between the Superior Costotransverse Ligament (costotransverse joint) and the vertebra?

Answer 11

• spinal nerve

- posterior branch of intercostal artery.

Question 12

movement at the costotransverse joint

Answer 12

• strong costotransverse ligaments binding these joints limit their movements to slight gliding.
• articular surfaces on the tubercles of the superior 6 ribs are convex and fit into concavities on the transverse processes. As a result, rotation occurs around a mostly transverse axis.
• This results in elevation and depression movements of the sternal ends of the ribs and the sternum in the sagittal plane (pump-handle movement).
• Flat articular surfaces of tubercles and transverse processes of the 7th–10th ribs allow gliding, resulting in elevation and depression of the lateral-most portions of these ribs in the transverse plane (bucket-handle movement)

Question 13

Sternocostal joints

• articular surfaces and type

Answer 13

• articulation of first costal cartilage with the manubrium. (primary cartilaginous joint/synchondrosis).
• articulation of 2nd to 7th costal cartilages with the sternum. (synovial plane joint)

Question 14

Radiate sternocostal Ligament (sternocostal joint)

Answer 14

• formed my thickening of weak joint capsules anteriorly and posteriorly.
• continue as thin, broad membranous bands passing from the costal cartilages to the anterior and posterior surfaces of the sternum, forming a felt-like covering for this bone.

Question 15

Intervertebral Joint 
(of vertebrae T1–T12)

Type
Articulation
Ligaments
Movement

Answer 15

Type
Symphysis (secondary cartilaginous)

Articulation
Adjacent vertebral bodies bound together by intervertebral disc.

Ligaments
Anterior and posterior longitudinal

Movement
the movement is limited to a small degree of rotation.

Question 16

Costochondral Joint

Type
Articulation
Ligaments
Movement

Answer 16

Type 
Primary (hyaline) cartilaginous joint

Articulation
Lateral end of costal cartilage with sternal end of rib.

Ligaments
Cartilage and bone bound together by periosteum

Movement

• No movement normally occurs at this joint.
• the costal cartilage provides flexibility.

Question 17

Interchondral Joint (form costal margin)

Type
Articulation
Ligaments
comment

Answer 17

Type
Synovial plane joint

Articulation
Between costal cartilages of 6th and 7th, 7th and 8th, and 8th and 9th ribs

Ligaments
Interchondral ligaments

Movements
Articulation between costal cartilages of 9th and 10th ribs is fibrous

Question 18

Xiphisternal
Type
Articulation 
Ligaments 
Comment

Answer 18

Type
Primary cartilaginous joint (synchondrosis)

Articulation
Articulation between xiphoid pro- cess and body of sternum

Ligaments
none

Comment
These joints often fuse and become synostoses in older individuals

Question 19

Sternoclavicular Joint

Type
Articulation
Ligaments
Comment

Answer 19

Type
Saddle type of synovial joint

Articulation
Sternal end of clavicle with manubrium of sternum and 1st costal cartilage.

Ligaments
Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular; costo - clavicular.

Comment
joint is divided into two compartments by a sternoclavicular disc.