Joints of the upper limb, shoulder, and elbow Flashcards
Describe the amount of movement granted by each joint type: Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, and Diarthrosis
Synarthrosis: no movement
Amphiarthrosis: little movement
Diarthrosis: a lot of movement (most synovial joints)
What is SAPHO syndrome and what joint in the pectoral girdle is it typically found?
SAPHO syndrome: an inflammatory disorder that includes synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis
Typically seen in Ankylosis (abnormal stiffening/immobility due to bone fusion) of the SC joint
Is dislocation of the SC joint common or uncommon? Why?
It’s rare because there are so many ligaments holding the joint together
What are the three grades of a shoulder separation and what joint is this referring to?
Acromioclavicular Joint (AC joint)
Grade 1: AC ligament sprain
Grade 2: AC ligament tear
Grade 3: Both AC and coracoclavicular ligaments torn
The vast majority of shoulder (GH joint) dislocations are in what direction and why?
Most shoulder dislocations are anterior (forward/downward) dislocations. This is due to force against shoulder when joint is hyperextended, externally rotated, and/or abducted (think sports).
“Frozen shoulder” is referring to what and is found in what age group?
Frozen shoulder: chronic inflammation of GH joint leading to fibrosis of the joint capsule (adhesive capsulitis). Found typically in ppl 40-60 y/o.
A mother swings her child around by her hands while playing at the playground. For the next few days, the mother notices the child does not use her left arm and complains that it hurts when she tries to use it. What has most likely happened?
Subluxation/dislocation of the Radial Head due to tearing of the annular ligament
This condition is known as “Nursemaid’s elbow”
A patient presents with pain and soreness in the elbow region. You find out that the patient regularly plays tennis. What would your diagnosis of the patient be, and specifically what tendon is injured?
Lateral Epicondylitis – known as “Tennis elbow”
Tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis = most commonly inflammed, however other forearm tendons can also be inflammed
