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Joint mobilization > joints of lower extremities > Flashcards

joints of lower extremities Flashcards

0
Q

AF joint ROM

A

Flexion 120
Extension 30
Abduction 45
Adduction 30
Medial rotation 35 (limited by ishofemoral lig)
Lateral rotation 45 (limited by pubofemoral and iliofemoral ligaments0

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1
Q

Acetabulofemoral joint classification

A

Structure: synovial
subtype ball and socket
Multiaxial
Function: diarthrotic

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2
Q

AF joint resting, closed pack and capsular pattern

A

Resting: 30 flexion, 30 abduction and slight lateral rotation
Closed pack: full extension, abduction and medial rotation
Capsular pattern: internal rotation and abduction > flexion and extension> external rotation

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3
Q

AF joint articular surfaces

A

Femoral head (convex)
Acetabulum (concave)
Strong

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4
Q

AF joint ligaments (6)

A
  1. Ligamentum capitis femoris
  2. Iliofemoral ligament
  3. Pubofemoral ligament
  4. Ishiofemoral ligament
  5. Transverse acetabular ligament
  6. Zona Orbicularis
    Strong because of zona orbicularis (circular fibers of the articular capsule)
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5
Q

AF joint bursae (2)

A

iliopectineal and trochanteric

Acetabular labrum

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6
Q

AF joint mob

A

Distraction
Long-axis traction/inferior glide -increase abduction
Posterior glide - increase flexion /medial rotation
Anterior glide - increase extension/lateral rotation
Postero-lateral glide of femur on pelvis -increase medial rotation
Lateral glide - increase adduction/medial rotation

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7
Q

Tibiofemoral joint classification

A

Structure: synovial, hinge, uniaxial
Function: diarthrotic

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8
Q

Tibiofemoral joint ROM

A

Flexion 130
Extension up to 10 (hyperextension is called genu recurvatum)
Rotation: +/- 10

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9
Q

Tibiofemoral joint resting position, closed pack, capsular pattern

A

Resting: 25 of knee flexion
Closed-pack position: full extension with lateral rotation
Capsular pattern: flexion > extension

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10
Q

Articular surfaces of Tibiofemoral joint

A 
Femoral condyles (convex)
Tibial condyles (concave)
with menisci in between
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11
Q

Tibiofemoral joint ligaments (7)

A
  1. Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
  2. Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
  3. Popliteal ligament (Oblique, arcuate)
  4. Cruciate ligaments
    - Anterior for extension
    - Posterior for flexion
  5. Coronary ligament
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12
Q

Tibiofemoral joint bursae and additional structures

A

suprapatellar and semimembranosus bursae

Medial and lateral (more circular in shape) menisci

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13
Q

Joint mobs of Tibiofemoral joint

A

Distraction
Posterior glide - increase flexion 2 techniques
Anterior glide - increase extension - 3 techniques
medial glide - increase flex/ext
Lateral glide - increase flex/ext
Medial gap - increase flex/ext and to treat genu varum
Lateral gap - increase flex/ext and to treat genu valgum

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14
Q

Patellofemoral joint classification

A

Structure: synovial, planar nonaxial
Function: diarthrotic

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15
Q

Patellofemoral ROM

A

Superior/inferior glide (s-shaped)

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16
Q

Patellofemoral joint resting position, closed pack position, capsular pattern

A

25-40 of flexion
Closed pack position full flexion
Capsular pattern : flexion>extension

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17
Q

Patellofemoral joint articular surfaces

A

Patellar surface of femur (concave)

Medial/lateral surfaces of patella (convex)

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18
Q

Patellofemoral joint ligaments (2)

A

Patellar ligament

Patellar retinaculam

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19
Q

Patellofemoral joint mob

A 
Superior glide
Inferior glide - to increase flexion
Medial glide 
Lateral glide care taken because this motion may be hypermobile
Medial/lateral tilts
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20
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint classification and ROM

A

structure: synovial, planar, nonaxial
Function: diarthrotic
ROM: slight gliding

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21
Q

Proximal Tibiofibular joint resting, closed-pack, capsular pattern

A

0 of plantar flexion
full dorsiflexion
Capsular pattern: none

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22
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint articular surfaces

A

Facet on the lateral condyle of the tibia (convex)

Facet on the head of the fibula (concave)

23
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint ligaments (2)

A

Anterior ligament of the head of the fibula
Posterior ligament of the head of the fibula
Capsular strength : moderate reinforced by strong ligaments

24
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint mob

A 
Posterior glide (caution - possible Hypermobility, can help correct positional fault)
Anterior glide (as with previous mob)
25
Q

distal tibiofibular joint classification and range of motion

A

Structure: syndesmosis, non axial
Function: amphiathrosis
ROM: slight gliding

26
Q

Articular surface of Distal tibiofibular joint

A

Post-lat aspect of distal tibia (concave)

Ant-med aspect of distal fibula (convex)

27
Q

Resting, closed pack, capsular pattern of restriction of distal tibiofibular

A

resting: not described
closed pack: not described
capsular pattern n/a

28
Q

Capsular strength of distal tibiofibular

A

moderate, reinforced by strong ligament (Interosseus membrane)

29
Q

Ligaments around tibiofibular

A
  1. Ant. Tibiofibular ligament
  2. post. Tibiofibular ligament
  3. inferior transverse ligament
  4. interosseous membrane
30
Q

Joint mob of distal tibiofibular

A

posterior glide - positional fault/general ROM
anterior glide - positional fault/general ROM
Superior glide - increased dorsiflexion
Inferior glide - general ROM

31
Q

Tarocrural joint classification

A

Structure: synovial, hinge, uniaxial
Function: diarthrotic

32
Q

Tarocrural joint ROM

A

Dorsiflexion 20 degree

Plantar flexion: 50 degree

33
Q

Resting, closed pack, capsular pattern of restriction of Talocrural joint

A

Resting position: plantar flexion 10 degree
Closed pack position: full dorsiflexion
Capsular pattern of restriction: plantarflexion slightly > dorsiflexion (plantar flexion is slightly more limited than Dorsiflexion)

34
Q

Articular surfaces of talocrural

A

Talus: trochlea (convex)
Tibia: Malleolar and inferior articular surfaces (concave)
Fibula: Malleolar articular surface (concave)

35
Q

Capsular strength of Talocrural

36
Q

Ligaments of Talocrural

A

Lateral collateral ligs (3)
posterior talofibular lig
Calcaneofibular lig
Anterior talofibular lig (most frequently sprained ligament)

Medial (Deltoid) Collateral lig (4)
posterior tibiotalar part
Tibiocalcaneal part
Tibionavicular part
anterior tibiotalar part
37
Q

Joint mobs of Tatocrural joint

A 
Distraction
Posterior glide (increasing dorsiflexion)
Anterior glide (increasing plantar flexion)
38
Q

Subtalar (Talocalcaneal)joint classification

A

Structure: synovial, planar, non axial

Function diarthrotic

39
Q

Range of motion of Subtalar

A

inversion 5 degree

eversion 5 degree

40
Q

Resting position, closed pack, capsular pattern of restriction of subtalar

A

Resting position 10 degree plantarflexion with neutral inversion/eversion
closed pack position: full inversion
capsular pattern of restriction: inversion>eversion, which is relatively free (there is a limitation in inversion)

41
Q

articular surfaces of subtalar

A

anterior, middle and posterior articular facets of talus and calcaneus
posterior part: talus with calcaneus
anterior part: talus with navicular (inversion/eversion)
capsular strength: weak

42
Q

Subtalar ligaments

A 
medial talocalcaneal lig
lateral talocalcaneal lig
posteior talocalcaneal lig
interosseous talocalcaneal lig
(tibiocalcaneal and calcaneofibular)
43
Q

joint mob of subtalar

A

Distraction
medial glide
lateral glide
medial gap (increasing subtalar eversion)
lateral gap (increasing subtalar inversion)

44
Q

Foot is comprised of 4 sets of joints

A

Midtarsal joints
intermetatarsal joints
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Interphalangeal joints

the midtarsal joint is composed of the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint

45
Q

Talocalcanealnavicular joint classification and range of motion

A

stracture: synovial, gliding nonaxial
functional: diarthrotic
ROM: inversion 20 degree
Eversion 10 degree

46
Q

Resting, closed pack and capsular pattern of restriction of talocalcanealnavicular joint

A

Resting 10 degree plantar flexion, with neutral supination/pronation
closed pack position: full supination
capsular pattern of restriction: supination> pronation (supination is more limited than pronation)

47
Q

articular surfaces of talocalcanealnavicular joint

A

Talus: anterior and middle facets and facet for navicular
Calcaneus: anterior and middle talar facets
Navicular: posterior facet for talus

48
Q

Ligaments of talocalcaneal navicular joint

A

dorsal talonavicular lig
dorsal calcaneaonavicular lig
plantar calcaneonavicular lig

49
Q

Distal intertarsal joints (3)

A

Cuneonavicular joint
Intercuneiform joint
Cuneocuboid joit

50
Q

Classification of distal intertarsal joints

A

structure: synovial planar, nonaxial
Function: diarthrotic
Slight gliding

51
Q

Tarsometatarsal joint classification, range of motion

A

Structure: synovial, planar, nonaxial
Function: diarthrotic
Range of Motion: slight flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and rotation at the 1st tarsometatarsal jt. (to facilitate pronation/supination)

52
Q

Resting, closed pack, capsular pattern of restriction

A

Resting position: midway between supination and pronation
Closed-pack position full supination
Capsular pattern of restriction: not described

53
Q

Articular surfaces of tarsometatarsal joint

A

medial cuneiform to metatarsals 1 and 2
Intermediate cuneiform to 2nd metatarsal
Lateral cuneiform to metatarsals 2,3 and 4
Cuboid to metatarsals 4 and 5

54
Q

Intermetatarsal joint classification and range of motion

A

structre: synovial, planar, nonaxial
Function: diarthrotic
Range of motion slight gliding

55
Q

articular surfaces of intermetatarsal joint

A

adjacent surfaces of the lateral four metatarsals

Joint mobilization (3 decks)

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