Joints Definition

Question 1

Synarthrosis

Answer 1

immovable joints

Question 2

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 2

slightly movable joints

Question 3

Diarthrosis

Answer 3

freely movable joint, aka synovial joints

Question 4

Suture

Answer 4

synarthrosis, located between bones of skull

Question 5

Gomphosis

Answer 5

synarthrosis, binds teeth to bony sicket

Question 6

Synchondrosis

Answer 6

synarthrosis, rigid, cConnection between first vertebrosternal ribs and sternum

Question 7

Synostosis

Answer 7

totally rigid and immovable, created when two bones fuse

Question 8

Syndesmosis

Answer 8

amphiarthroses, bones are connected by a ligament

Question 9

Symphysis

Answer 9

amphiarthrosis, articulating bones are separated by a wedge or pad of fibrocartilage

Question 10

Monoaxial

Answer 10

plane of movement, permits movement in one plane (elbow, ankle)

Question 11

Biaxial

Answer 11

plane of movement, permit movement in all two planes (wrist, ribs)

Question 12

Triaxial

Answer 12

permit movement in all three planes (shoulder, hip)

Question 13

Synovial fluid

Answer 13

contains a high concentration of proteoglycans, make it more viscous than simple interstitial fluid

Question 14

Meniscus

Answer 14

fibrocartilage pad,

channel the flow of synovial fluid

Question 15

Fat pad

Answer 15

localized accumulations of adipose tissue covered by the synovial membrane
protect the articular cartilages

Question 16

Ligaments

Answer 16

bone to bone
strengthen, 
support, and reinforce synovial joints.
consist of dense fibrous connective tissue.
very strong

Question 17

Tendon

Answer 17

muscle to come
can provide mechanical support for joints.
can impact joint by limiting range of motion.

Question 18

Bursae

Answer 18

small synovial fluid filled pockets in connective tissue

Question 19

Gliding (linear motion)

Answer 19

two opposing surfaces glide past each other.

Movement is slight; e.g., between carpals or tarsals

Question 20

Flexion

Answer 20

movement in anterior-posterior plane, reduces angle between articulating parts

Question 21

Extension

Answer 21

movement in anterior-posterior planes, increases the angle between articulating parts

Question 22

Abduction

Answer 22

movement away from the longitude

Question 23

Adduction

Answer 23

movement towards the longitude

Question 24

Circumdiction

Answer 24

moving arm in a loop

Question 25

Medial (internal) rotation

Answer 25

anterior surface of the limb rotated towards the axis

Question 26

Lateral (external) rotation

Answer 26

anterior surface is rotated away form the axis

Question 27

Pronation

Answer 27

radius rotates over the ulna to make thumb medially positioned

Question 28

Supination

Answer 28

forearm in anatomical position with the thumb lateral

Question 29

Opposition

Answer 29

movement of the THUMB towards palm or fingers

Question 30

Protraction

Answer 30

sticking jaw out

Question 31

Retraction

Answer 31

moving jaw back in

Question 32

Elevation

Answer 32

moving in a superior direction

Question 33

Depression

Answer 33

moving in an inferior direction

Question 34

Lateral flexion

Answer 34

bending the vertebral column side to side

Question 35

Gliding joints

Answer 35

flattened (or slightly curved) articular surfaces that slide across one another

Question 36

Hinge joints

Answer 36

permit angular motion i single plane

Question 37

Pivot joints

Answer 37

permit monomial rotation only

Question 38

Ellipsoid joints

Answer 38

articular surface that inters into depression in the opposite surface, angular motion in two planes

Question 39

Saddle joints

Answer 39

each surfaces concave in one direction and convex on the other

Question 40

Ball-and-socket

Answer 40

round head of bone inserted into cup-shaped depression of another

Question 41

Glenohmeral joints

Answer 41

permit the greatest amount of motion of all joints