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foot and ankle > joints and movements not finished > Flashcards

joints and movements not finished Flashcards

1
Q

weight bearing surfaces

A

trochlear surfaces of

the tibia and talus

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2
Q

stabilising surfaces

A

medial and lateral malleoli that grip the body of the talus

The ankle joint is most stable in dorsiflexion (the close packed position)

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3
Q

ankle joint movements

A 
Uniaxial joint
1 degree of movement
Sagittal plane/frontal axis
Dorsiflexion (extension)
Plantarflexion (flexion)
Neutral position in standing 
plantigrade
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4
Q

dorsiflexion

A 
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Peroneus Tertius
20° - 30° knee extended
35° if knee flexed
Tension in antagonists
Posterior part of deltoid ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament
Wedging of talus between the malleoli
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5
Q

plantar flexion

A 
Gastrocnemius: Soleus
Tibialis Posterior
Peroneus Longus et Brevis
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus
50°
Tension in antagonists
Anterior part of deltoid ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament
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6
Q

ankle joint stability

A

The ankle joint is stabilised medially by:

the medial (deltoid) ligament
and
laterally by the lateral ligaments

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7
Q

The Subtalar Joint

A 
 A synovial modified saddle joint 				             (plane joint)
			 Between concave facet on inferior 				  surface of body of talus AND convex 			             articular facet on superior surface of 			             calcaneus
Thin loose capsule, lined with 
    synovial membrane
Medial, posterior & lateral 
    talocalcanean ligaments
Movements – inversion and 
    eversion of the foot
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8
Q

Subtalar Joint-ligaments

A 
Medial talocalcanean
Medial-posterior  talus
Sustentaculum talus
Posterior talocalcanean
Lateral talus
Upper medial calcaneus
Lateral talocalcanean
Deep to calcaneofibular 
    ligament
Posterior talus
Lateral calcaneus
Interosseous talocalcanean
Floor of sinus tarsi
talus
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9
Q

Transverse (Mid) Tarsal Joint

A 
The functional description 
of the: 
Talocalcaneonavicular  joint 
and the 
Calcaneocuboid joint

Movements of:
Pronation
and
Supination

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10
Q

Talocalcaneonavicular joint

A 
Synovial ball and socket joint:
Ball – head of talus
Socket – part bone, part ligament
Anterior= navicular
Posterior = sustentaculum tali + calcaneus
Medially = plantar calcaneonavicular 
                    (spring) ligament
Laterally = calcaneonavicular part of 
                     bifurcate ligament
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11
Q

Subtalar & Midtarsal Joints - movements

A 
Inversion
Adduction of forefoot
Supination (sole faces medially)
\+ plantarflexion 
     of ankle
Eversion
Abduction of forefoot
pronation (sole faces laterally)
\+ dorsiflexion of ankle
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12
Q

inversion

A 
Tibialis Anterior
Tibialis Posterior
Extensor & Flexor Hallucis Longus
45° – 60°
Greater in plantarflexion
Dorsal talonavicular ligament
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13
Q

eversion

A

Peroneus Longus, Brevis & Tertius

15° - 30°
Impact of talus on floor of sinus tarsi
Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament

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14
Q

Calcaneo-cuboid joint

A 
? synovial plane joint/? synovial saddle joint
Anterior surface of calcaneus
Posterior surface of cuboid
Simple capsule lined with 
    synovial membrane
Plantar calcaneocuboid 
    (short plantar) ligament
Bifurcate ligament
Calcanealcuboid Ligamant
Calcaneonavicular ligament
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15
Q

Bifucate Ligament

A

Calcaneocuboid Ligament

Calcaneonavicular Ligament

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16
Q

Short Plantar Ligament

A

Plantar aspect of Calcaneus (Calcaneal Tubercle)

Plantar aspect of Cuboid

17
Q

The long plantar ligament

A

Longest of all ligaments between tarsal bones
Superficial to short plantar calcaneocuboid ligament
Covers plantar surface of calcaneus
Attaches posteriorly to plantar surface of calcaneus between anterior & posterior tubercles
Passes forward to cuboid and base of lateral 4 metatarsals

18
Q

Bones of the foot:

A 
Tarsal bones
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Medial cuneiform
Internediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
Metatarsals
1-5
Phalanges
Proximal
Intermediate
Distal
19
Q

Joints of the foot:

A 
Intertarsal joints
Subtalar
Midtarsal
Cuneonavicular
Intercuneiform
Cunecuboid
Tarsometatarsal 
Intermetatarsal
Metatarsophalangeal
Interphalangeal
20
Q

Joints of the foot - movements

A 
Intertarsal joints:
Gliding movements
Tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal joints:
Gliding movements
Metatarsophalangeal joints:
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Interphalangeal joints:
Flexion/extension

foot and ankle (2 decks)

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