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Anatomy of the Trunk > Joints and Ligaments > Flashcards

Joints and Ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

Location of Intervertebral disc joints?

A

Between vertebral bodies

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2
Q

Intervertebral disc joints classification?

A

Cartilaginous, symphysis, slightly movable

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3
Q

Location of Intervertebral facet joints?

A

Between articulating process of one vertebrae and the inferior articulating process of the vertebrae above

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4
Q

Intervertebral facet joints classification?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding (one plane)

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5
Q

Location of Atlanto-occipital joints?

A

Between the superior articular facets of C1 and the occipital condyles of the skull

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6
Q

Movements of the Atlanto-occipital joints?

A
  • Sagittal plane: Nodding (flexion/extension)

- Coronal plane: Tilting head (lateral flexion)

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7
Q

Classification of Atlanto-occipital joints?

A

Synovial, biaxial, condyloid

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8
Q

Location of Lateral atlanto-axial joints?

A

In intervertebral facet joints between inferior articular facet of C1 and superior articular facet of C2

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9
Q

Classification of Lateral atlanto-axial joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding

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10
Q

Location of median (mid) atlanto-axial joints?

A

Between dens of axis (C2) and fovea dentis of atlas (C1)

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11
Q

Classification of median (mid) atlanto-axial joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, pivot

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12
Q

Location of Anterior sacroiliac joint?

A

Auricular surface of ilium and sacrum

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13
Q

Classification of Anterior sacroiliac joint?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding

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14
Q

Location of Posterior sacroiliac joint?

A

Between sacral tuberosity and iliac tuberosity

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15
Q

Classification of Posterior sacroiliac joint?

A

Fibrous, syndesmosis, slightly movable

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16
Q

What attaches to the Posterior sacroiliac joint?

A

Posterior sacroiliac ligament

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17
Q

What is the Sacrococcygeal joint made of?

A

Small pad of fibrocartilage

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18
Q

What ligaments support the Sacrococcygeal joint?

A
  • Anterior Sacrococcygeal ligament

- Posterior Sacrococcygeal ligament

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19
Q

Classification of Sacrococcygeal joints?

A

Cartilaginous, symphysis, slightly movable

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20
Q

Location of the Costovertebral joints?

A

Between the superior and inferior articular demifacets on the head of the rib and the superior and inferior articular costal demifacets on the body of the vertebrae

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21
Q

Classification of the Costovertebral joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding

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22
Q

Which ribs part of the Costovertebral joints have one capsule/one joint and which have two?

A
  • Ribs 2-9 and possibly 10 is two joints in one capsule

- Ribs 1, 11, 12 and possibly 10 is one joint, one capsule

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23
Q

Location of the Costotransverse joints?

A

Articulating facet on tubercle of rib and costal facet on transverse process of vertebrae

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24
Q

Classification of the Costotransverse joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding

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25
Q

Movement at ribs 1 - 6 of Costotransverse joints? And why does it happen?

A
  • Slightly convex facets = slight rotation of rib = elevation/depression movements at sternal end
  • Pump-handle movement
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26
Q

Movement at ribs 7- 10 of Costotransverse joints? And why does it happen?

A
  • Flatter facets = gliding movement = elevation/depression in lateral portions of ribs
  • Bucket-handle movement
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27
Q

Location of the Costochondral joints?

A

Anterior end of rip and costal cartilage (ribs 1-12)

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28
Q

Classification of the Costochondral joints?

A

Cartilaginous, synchondrosis, slightly movable

29
Q

What are the Costochondral joints made of?

A

Made of hyaline cartilage

30
Q

Location of the Sternocostal joints?

A

Between costal cartilage of rib and sternum

31
Q

Classification of the 1st Sternocostal joint?

A

Cartilaginous, synchondrosis, slightly movable

32
Q

Does the 1st Sternocostal joint have an intra-articular ligament?

A

No

33
Q

Classification of the 2nd - 7th Sternocostal joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding

34
Q

What makes the 2nd - 7th Sternocostal joints different to the 1st?

A

Have facets. 2nd sternocostal joints have intra-articular ligament (7th rib doesn’t have one, though)

35
Q

Location of the Interchondral joints?

A

Between ribs 5 – 10

36
Q

Classification of the 5th and 9th Interchondral joints?

A

Fibrous, syndesmosis, slightly movable

37
Q

Classification of the 6th, 7th and 8th Interchondral joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, gliding

38
Q

Classification of the Sternoclavicular joints?

A

Synovial, uniaxial, saddle

39
Q

Does the Sternoclavicular joints have an articular disc?

A

Yes

40
Q

Classification of the Manubriosternal joints?

A

Cartilaginous, symphysis, slightly movable

41
Q

What is the Manubriosternal joint made of?

A

Pad of fibrocartilage

42
Q

Classification of the Xiphisternal joints?

A

Cartilaginous, synchondrosis, slightly movable

43
Q

What is the Xiphisternal joint made of?

A

Hyaline cartilage

44
Q

Location of the Posterior longitudinal ligament?

A
  • Runs inside the vertebral canal

- From the posterior part of the C2 to the sacral canal

45
Q

Function of Posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Helps prevent hyperflexion of V.C.

46
Q

Location of the Interlaminal ligament/Ligamentum flavum?

A

Between the C2 and C3 to the sacrum

47
Q

Function of the Interlaminal ligament/Ligamentum flavum?

A

Helps preserve normal curvature and straightens vertebral column after flexion

48
Q

Location of the Interspinous ligament?

A

Between the adjacent spinous process

49
Q

Location of the Supraspinous ligament?

A
  • Between the tips of the spinous processes

- From C7 to the sacrum

50
Q

What is the Nuchal ligament?

A

Broad sheet of fibro-elastic tissue

51
Q

Location of the Nuchal ligament?

A

From C7 to the external occipital protuberance

52
Q

Function of the Nuchal ligament?

A

Maintains cervical curvature and keeps head upright on C1

53
Q

Location of the Intertransverse ligament?

A

Between transverse processes

54
Q

Function of the Intertransverse ligament?

A

Limits lateral flexion of the spine

55
Q

Location of the Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane?

A

Anterior margin of foramen magnum to the anterior arch of the C1

56
Q

The central part of the Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane is a continuation of which ligament?

A

Anterior longitudinal ligament

57
Q

Location of the Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane?

A

Posterior margin of the foramen magnum to the anterior arch of the C1

58
Q

Location of the Anterior atlanto-axial membrane?

A

Anterior arch of C1 to the body of C2

59
Q

Location of the Posterior atlanto-axial membrane?

A

Posterior arch of C1 to neural arch of C2

60
Q

Location of the Tectorial membrane?

A

From the posterior body of C2 to the skull (floor of the cranial cavity)

61
Q

The central part of the Tectorial membrane is a continuation of which ligament?

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament

62
Q

What structure is the Cruciate Ligament underneath?

A

Tectorial membrane

63
Q

Name the parts of the cruciate ligament?

A
  • Superior longitudinal ligament
  • Inferior longitudinal ligament
  • Transverse ligament
64
Q

What is the function of the transverse ligament (of the cruciate)?

A

Holds dens in place

65
Q

Location of the Alar ligaments?

A

From the lateral aspect of the dens to the lateral inner edge of the foramen magnum

66
Q

Function of the Alar ligaments?

A

Regulates movement – prevents excessive rotational movements

67
Q

Location of the Apical ligaments?

A

From the superior tip of the dens to just inside the anterior edge of the foramen magnum

68
Q

Function of the Apical ligaments?

A

No real function

69
Q

What structure is the Apical ligaments a remnant of?

A

The notochord

Anatomy of the Trunk (1 decks)

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