joints and ligaments Flashcards
ligaments of sacroiliac joint
- anterior sacroiliac
- interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
- sacrospinous ligament
- sacrotuberous ligament
anterior sacroiliac ligament
- anterior part of fibrous synovial capsule to auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
- from tuberosity and posterior surface of sacrum to tuberosity of ilium
- transfer body weight from sacrum to hips
parts of sacroiliac joint
- anterior synovial joint
- posterior syndesmosis
anterior synovial joint of sacroiliac
- auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
posterior syndesmosis
- sacral tuberosity to iliac tuberosity
- interosseous and posterior sacroiliac fibers are the syndesmosis
movements of sacroiliac joint
- nutation/counternutation
sacrospinous ligament
- from posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to ischial spine
- prevents excessive anterior rotation (nutation of sacrum)
sacrotuberous ligament
- from posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to ischial tuberosity
- prevents excessive anterior rotation (nutation of sacrum)
pubic symphysis
- secondary cartilaginous
- fibrocartilage interpubic disc
- articulation of 2 symphysial surfaces of pubic bones with fibrocartilage disc
- movement: none except during childbirth
sacrococcygeal symphysis
- secondary cartilaginous joint with an intervertebral disc
- apex of sacrum with base of coccyx
- movement: none except during childbirth (coccyx moves posteriorly)
hip joint
- ball and socket
- articular surface of acetabulum with head of femur
- movement:
- flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction
- circumduction
- rotation
ligaments of hip joint
- iliofemoral
- pubofemoral
- ischiofemoral
iliofemoral ligament
- located anterior and superior to joint
- attaches from acetabular rim of ilium to intertrochanteric line
pubofemoral ligament
- located anterior and inferior to joint
- attaches from superior rams of pubic bone to joint capsule and iliofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
- located posterior to joint
- attaches from acetabular rim of ischium to femoral neck
knee joint articulations
- 2 femorotibial: medial femoral condyle with medial tibial condyle; lateral femoral condyle with lateral tibial condyle
- 1 femoropatellar: patellar groove of femur with articular surface of patella
movement of femorotibial articulation
- flexion/extension
- slight rotation during locking/unlocking
movement of femoropatellar articulation
- gliding
ligaments of knee joint
- ACL
- PCL
- MCL
- LCL
ACL
- from anterior intercondylar area of tibia to posterior intercondylar area of femur
PCL
- from posterior intercondylar area of tibia to anterior intercondylar area of femur
MCL
- from medial epicondyle of femur to tibia inferior to medial condyle
- attaches to medial meniscus
LCL
- from lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula
- does NOT attach to lateral meniscus
tibiotalar joints
- superior tibfib joint
- tibiotalar syndesmosis
superior tibfib joint
- head of fibular with lateral condyle of tibia
- very little movement
tibiotalar syndesmosis
- interosseous membrane connects shaft of tibia and fibula
- distal end of fibula with fibular notch of tibia
- slight movement during wedging of talus during dorsiflexion
ankle joint
- distal ends of tibia and fibula with talus
- dorsiflexion, plantarflexion
talocalcaneal joint
- talus and calcaneus
- slight gliding with dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
- gliding with eversion/inversion
transverse tarsal joints
- calcaneocubiond
- talonavicular (acts like ball and socket)
- slight gliding during inversion/eversion, dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
cuneonavicular joint
- 3 cuneiforms with navicular
- very little movement
tarsometatarsal joints
- bases of metatarsals with cuneiforms or cuboid
- very little movement
MTP joints
- head of metatarsals with bases of proximal phalanges
- flexion/extension
- adduction/abduction
- circumduction
IP joints
- head of proximal phalanges with base of middle (2-5) or distal (1) phalanges
- head of middle phalanges with base of distal phalanges (2-5)
- flexion/extension
lateral ligaments of ankle
- calcaneonavicular
- anterior talofibular
- posterior talofibular
medial ligaments of ankle
- anterior and posterior tibiotalar
- tibiocalcaneal
- tibionavicular
ligaments of foot
- long plantar: long calcaneocubiod; superficial long plantar (calcaneus to bases of metatarsals 2-4)
- short plantar: plantar calcaneocuboid
- spring ligament: planar calcaneonavicular
