joints and ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

ligaments of sacroiliac joint

A
  • anterior sacroiliac
  • interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
  • sacrospinous ligament
  • sacrotuberous ligament
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2
Q

anterior sacroiliac ligament

A
  • anterior part of fibrous synovial capsule to auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
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3
Q

interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments

A
  • from tuberosity and posterior surface of sacrum to tuberosity of ilium
      • transfer body weight from sacrum to hips
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4
Q

parts of sacroiliac joint

A
  • anterior synovial joint

- posterior syndesmosis

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5
Q

anterior synovial joint of sacroiliac

A
  • auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
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6
Q

posterior syndesmosis

A
  • sacral tuberosity to iliac tuberosity

- interosseous and posterior sacroiliac fibers are the syndesmosis

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7
Q

movements of sacroiliac joint

A
  • nutation/counternutation
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8
Q

sacrospinous ligament

A
  • from posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to ischial spine
  • prevents excessive anterior rotation (nutation of sacrum)
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9
Q

sacrotuberous ligament

A
  • from posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to ischial tuberosity
  • prevents excessive anterior rotation (nutation of sacrum)
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10
Q

pubic symphysis

A
  • secondary cartilaginous
  • fibrocartilage interpubic disc
  • articulation of 2 symphysial surfaces of pubic bones with fibrocartilage disc
  • movement: none except during childbirth
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11
Q

sacrococcygeal symphysis

A
  • secondary cartilaginous joint with an intervertebral disc
  • apex of sacrum with base of coccyx
  • movement: none except during childbirth (coccyx moves posteriorly)
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12
Q

hip joint

A
  • ball and socket
  • articular surface of acetabulum with head of femur
  • movement:
    • flexion/extension
    • abduction/adduction
    • circumduction
    • rotation
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13
Q

ligaments of hip joint

A
  • iliofemoral
  • pubofemoral
  • ischiofemoral
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14
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A
  • located anterior and superior to joint

- attaches from acetabular rim of ilium to intertrochanteric line

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15
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A
  • located anterior and inferior to joint

- attaches from superior rams of pubic bone to joint capsule and iliofemoral ligament

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16
Q

ischiofemoral ligament

A
  • located posterior to joint

- attaches from acetabular rim of ischium to femoral neck

17
Q

knee joint articulations

A
  • 2 femorotibial: medial femoral condyle with medial tibial condyle; lateral femoral condyle with lateral tibial condyle
  • 1 femoropatellar: patellar groove of femur with articular surface of patella
18
Q

movement of femorotibial articulation

A
  • flexion/extension

- slight rotation during locking/unlocking

19
Q

movement of femoropatellar articulation

A
  • gliding
20
Q

ligaments of knee joint

A
  • ACL
  • PCL
  • MCL
  • LCL
21
Q

ACL

A
  • from anterior intercondylar area of tibia to posterior intercondylar area of femur
22
Q

PCL

A
  • from posterior intercondylar area of tibia to anterior intercondylar area of femur
23
Q

MCL

A
  • from medial epicondyle of femur to tibia inferior to medial condyle
  • attaches to medial meniscus
24
Q

LCL

A
  • from lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula

- does NOT attach to lateral meniscus

25
Q

tibiotalar joints

A
  • superior tibfib joint

- tibiotalar syndesmosis

26
Q

superior tibfib joint

A
  • head of fibular with lateral condyle of tibia

- very little movement

27
Q

tibiotalar syndesmosis

A
  • interosseous membrane connects shaft of tibia and fibula
  • distal end of fibula with fibular notch of tibia
  • slight movement during wedging of talus during dorsiflexion
28
Q

ankle joint

A
  • distal ends of tibia and fibula with talus

- dorsiflexion, plantarflexion

29
Q

talocalcaneal joint

A
  • talus and calcaneus
  • slight gliding with dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
  • gliding with eversion/inversion
30
Q

transverse tarsal joints

A
  • calcaneocubiond
  • talonavicular (acts like ball and socket)
  • slight gliding during inversion/eversion, dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
31
Q

cuneonavicular joint

A
  • 3 cuneiforms with navicular

- very little movement

32
Q

tarsometatarsal joints

A
  • bases of metatarsals with cuneiforms or cuboid

- very little movement

33
Q

MTP joints

A
  • head of metatarsals with bases of proximal phalanges
  • flexion/extension
  • adduction/abduction
  • circumduction
34
Q

IP joints

A
  • head of proximal phalanges with base of middle (2-5) or distal (1) phalanges
  • head of middle phalanges with base of distal phalanges (2-5)
  • flexion/extension
35
Q

lateral ligaments of ankle

A
  • calcaneonavicular
  • anterior talofibular
  • posterior talofibular
36
Q

medial ligaments of ankle

A
  • anterior and posterior tibiotalar
  • tibiocalcaneal
  • tibionavicular
37
Q

ligaments of foot

A
  • long plantar: long calcaneocubiod; superficial long plantar (calcaneus to bases of metatarsals 2-4)
  • short plantar: plantar calcaneocuboid
  • spring ligament: planar calcaneonavicular