Joints and Connective Tissue Flashcards
All of the following are common in idiopathic osteoarthritis (OA)
of the knee except:
A) Age > 50
B) Bony tenderness
C) Stiffness
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) > 40
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) > 40
All of the following are common in idiopathic osteo of the knee except:
A) Palpable warmth
B) Negative rheumatoid factor (or low titer)
C) Bony enlargement
D) Bony tenderness
A) Palpable warmth
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA):
A) Is primarily a noninfl ammatory disorder of weight
B) Primarily affects the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints
C) Is more prevalent in females than in males
D) Is also known as “wear and tear” arthritis
C) Is more prevalent in females than in males
A reasonable fi rst line of treatment in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is:
A) Intra-articular injections B) Oral steroids C) Acetaminophen and/or nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs) D) Colchicine
C) Acetaminophen and/or nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs
(NSAIDs)
All of the following are true in systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) except:
A) Avascular necrosis typically occurs in small joints
B) Low-dose steroids can be used to manage SLE
C) Arthritis is not necessary to diagnose SLE
D) Antimalarial drugs can be used for symptom control
A) Avascular necrosis typically occurs in small joints
large joints
Which of the following is true of gouty arthritis?
A) Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals are found in joint fl uid
B) Female predominance
C) Allopurinol can be used during an attack
D) Tophi (deposits of uric acid crystals) may be pres
D) Tophi (deposits of uric acid crystals) may be pres
Tophi can be seen in gout. Calcium pyrophosphate
dihydrate crystals are seen in pseudogout. Gout has a male
predominance. Allopurinol is used to lower serum uric acid and
prevent or decrease attacks, but is not used for an acute attack
Which of the following is true about rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
A) Asymmetric and nonerosive
B) Symmetric and erosive
C) Asymmetric and erosive
D) Symmetric and nonerosive
B) Symmetric and erosive
Which of the following are characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis
(RA)?
A) Morning stiffness
B) Symmetric arthritis
C) Arthritis of the hand joints
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
D) Morning stiffness lasting more than 1 hour, arthritis of three or more joints simultaneously affected with soft swelling, arthritis of the hand joints including the wrist/metacarpophalangeal joint/proximal interphalangeal joint, symmetric arthritis of the same joints on both sides of the body, rheumatoid nodules (subcutaneous no surfaces), positive serum rheumatoid factor, and radiographic changes such as erosions/joint space narrowing are all characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis. Not all are necessary for diagnosis.
What causes a Boutonnière deformity?
A) Rupture of the extensor hood at the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP), which causes subluxation of the lateral bands of the extensor
hood
B) Flexor synovitis
C) Ligamentous laxity
D) Rupture of the fl exors with subluxation causing hyperextension
the PIP
A) Rupture of the extensor hood at the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP), which causes subluxation of the lateral bands of the extensor
hood
What tendons are affected by de Quervain’s synovitis?
A) Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor carpi radialis
brevis (ECRB)
B) Abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)
C) Extensor pollicis longus (EPL) and EPB
D) Extensor digiti minimi (EDM) and extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
B) Abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)
Which of the following are characteristics of osteoarthritis (OA)?
A) Dull, aching pain better with activity
B) Joint stiffness lasting < 30 minutes and improving as the day
progresses
C) Typically involves the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints in the
hands
D) Infrequently involves the spine
B) Joint stiffness lasting < 30 minutes and improving as the day
progresses
Which of the following is not a characteristic radiographic
finding in osteoarthritis (OA)?
A) Asymmetric narrowing of the joint space
B) Erosive changes seen on x-ray
C) Subchondral bony sclerosis
D) Osteophytosis
B) Erosive changes seen on x-ray
Which of the following is not a characteristic radiographic fi
nding in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
A) Erosion of the ulnar styloid
B) Marginal bony erosions
C) Asymmetric joint involvement
D) Uniform joint space narrowing
C) Asymmetric joint involvement
What is the most common form of childhood arthritis?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
C) Rheumatic fever
D) Ankylosing spondylitis
B) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Which of the following is a characteristic of gout?
A) Negative birefringence crystals noted on microscopy of joint
aspiration
B) Positive birefringence crystals noted on microscopy of joint
aspiration
C) Chondrocalcinosis
D) Affects hyaline cartilage
A) Negative birefringence crystals noted on microscopy of joint
aspiration
Which of the following is not associated with HLA
serology?
A) Reiter’s syndrome (reactive arthritis)
B) Ankylosing spondylitis
C) Psoriatic arthritis
D) Osteoarthritis
D) Osteoarthritis
Which joint/area of the body is affected fi rst in ankylosing
spondylitis (AS)?
A) Lumbar spine
B) Sacroiliac joint
C) Cervical spine
D) Thoracic spine
B) Sacroiliac joint
Which of the following is not true about ankylosing spondylitis
(AS)?
A) Onset is usually late adolescence or early adulthood
B) It is three times more common in men than in women
C) It can be associated with HLA-B27
D) The sacroiliac joint is usually not involved
D) The sacroiliac joint is usually not involved
Which of the following is not a common disease complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)?
A) Iritis/uveitis
B) Infl ammatory bowel disease
C) Osteoporosis
D) Dementia
D) Dementia
What is the position of a swan-neck deformity of the fi
typical in rheumatoid arthritis?
A) Hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint
hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
B) Hyperextension of the PIP with fl exion of the DIP
C) Flexion of the PIP with fl exion of the DIP
D) Flexion of the PIP with hyperextension of the DIP
B) Hyperextension of the PIP with fl exion of the DIP
What is the “gold standard” for diag
arthritis (RA)?
A) Ultrasound
B) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C) Plain radiograph
D) Bone scan
C) Plain radiograph
Which of the following is not a part of rehabilitation of the hand
in a patient with rheumatoid
arthritis?
A) Resting the involved joints
B) Heavy exercise of the involved joints
C) Joint protection instructions
D) Splinting regimens
B) Heavy exercise of the involved joints
What is a characteristic fi nding in polymyositis?
A) Skin abnormalities
B) Proximal muscle weakness
C) Distal muscle weakness
D) Ligamentous laxity
B) Proximal muscle weakness
Which of the following is not a subtype of juvenile rheumatoid
arthritis?
A) Chronic
B) Systemic
C) Pauciarticular
D) Polyarticular
A) Chronic
Which of the following is characteristic of pseudogout?
A) Negative birefringence
B) Positive birefringence
C) Caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystals
D) Both B and C
D) Both B and C
Which of the following is not a characteristic symptom or sign in
systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE)?
A) Asymmetric joint pain
B) Pain disproportionate to swelling
C) Fatigue and fever
D) Erosive arthritis
D) Erosive arthritis
What is the name for an abnormal fi brous hyperplasia and
contracture of the palmar
fascia that causes a fl exion contracture of the metacarpophalangeal
(MCP) and proximal
interphalangeal (PIP) joints?
A) Charcot joint
C) De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
D) Trigger fi nger
B) Dupuytren’s contracture
Which of the following is not a typical severe side effect leading
to rehabilitation hospitalization in patients with rheumatic diseases?
A) Decline in activities of daily living (ADLs)
B) Steroid myopathy
C) Vasculitis
D) Pressure ulcers
D) Pressure ulcers
Which physical modality has demonstrated improvement in
patients with rheumatic diseases by increasing activity of synovial
collagenase in the joint?
A) Ultrasound
B) Superfi cial heat
C) Diathermy
D) Massage
B) Superfi cial heat
Which of the following is associated most strongly with obesity
in women?
A) Hip osteoarthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Knee osteoarthritis
D) Lupus
C) Knee osteoarthritis
What is the most appropriate treatment for pain relief for
osteoarthritis of the base of the thumb (carpometacarpal and
metacarpophalangeal joints)?
A) Massage
B) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
C) Range of motion exercises
D) Thumb spica splint
D) Thumb spica splint
What is the most serious complication of osteoarthritis (OA) of
the cervical spine?
A) Radiculopathy
B) Myelopathy
C) Osteoporosis
D) Chronic pain
B) Myelopathy
A swan neck deformity is noted in your patient. Which condition
is most likely, and which area would have a hyperfl exion deformity?
A) Osteoarthritis, proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
B) Rheumatoid arthritis, proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
C) Osteoarthritis, distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
D) Rheumatoid arthritis, distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
D) Rheumatoid arthritis, distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
A Boutonnière deformity is noted in your patient. Which condition is most likely, and which area would have a hyperfl exion deformity?
A) Osteoarthritis, proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
B) Rheumatoid arthritis, proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
C) Osteoarthritis, distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
D) Rheumatoid arthritis, distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
B) Rheumatoid arthritis, proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
How many tender points need to be present for the diagnosis of fi
bromyalgia?
A) 7
B) 9
C) 11
D) 13
C) 11
According to the American College of
Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria, 18 specifi c tender points and 9
bilateral sites are used in the diagnosis of fi bromyalgia. Out of 18
tender points, 11 must be present for more than 3 months
duration. The bilateral tender point sites include the occiput,
lower cervical, trapezius, supraspinatus, second rib, lateral
epicondyle, gluteal, greater trochanter, and knee.
Pseudogout commonly involves which of the following areas?
A) Knee
B) Toe
C) Elbow
D) Fingers
A) Knee
A) Pseudogout commonly involves the knee and wrist as
opposed to gout, which usually affects the big toe (termed
podagra). Pseudogout is infl ammation caused by calcium
pyrophosphate crystals. Gout is infl ammation caused by
monosodium urate monohydrate crystals. Both can be diag
with aspirated synovial fl uid. Pseudogout presents with acute
joint swelling and pain commonly in the knee, but can also affect
the wrist, shoulders, and hip.
Gout commonly involves which of the following areas?
A) Knee
B) Toe
C) Elbow
D) Fingers
B) Toe
Later stage of rheumatoid arthritis affects which type of joint?
A) Amphiarthrodial joint
B) Synarthrodial
C) Diarthrodial joint
D) None of the above
C) Diarthrodial joint
In rheumatoid arthritis, which of the following is considered to be
the most destructive
element?
A) Infi ltration of T lymphocytes
B) Formation of pannus
C) Activation of synoviocytes
D) None of the above
B) Formation of pannus
Rheumatoid arthritis is an infl ammatory
primarily affects synovial joints. Infl ammation of the capsule
around the joints, known as the synovium, is the fi rst step in this
destructive disease. Overtime, synovial cells are destroyed,
causing hyperplasia. Neutrophils, macrophages, a
cell lymphocytes are activated to increase the infl ammatory
response. Pannus develops when the infl ammation causing fIbrin
deposits develops into granulation tissue.
All of the following statements are true except:
A) Pseudogout is caused by a buildup of uric acid in the bloodstream
B) Pseudogout is caused by the formation of calcium pyrophosphate
C) The big toe is the most common joint involved in gout
D) Swelling, warmth, pain, and redness of the joint are common
symptoms of gout
A) Pseudogout is caused by a buildup of uric acid in the bloodstream
Where are Bouchard’s nodes found?
A) Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
B) Proximal interphalangeal joint
C) Metacarpophalangeal joint
D) Intermediate phalanges
B) Proximal interphalangeal joint
The DIP is the location for Heberden’s nodes. Bouchard’s
nodes and Heberden’s nodes are formed when osteophytes, also
known as calcific spurs, develop in the cartilage of the articular
joint. Bouchard’s and Heberden’s nodes are seen
osteoarthritis. Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints are joints
formed between the metacarpal bones and the proximal ends of
the phalanges. Arthritis in the MCP joint is commonly found in
patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Which of the following is not a criterion for rheumatoid arthritis
according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)?
A) Involvement of three or more joints
B) Nodules present
C) Asymmetric involvement
D) Morning stiffness
C) Asymmetric involvement
Which of the following synovial fl uid laboratory values is not
consistent with an infl ammatory
arthritis?
A) WBC > 3,000
B) 70% polymorphonuclear leukocytes
C) Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
D) Low viscosity
C) Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Reiter’s syndrome, or reactive arthritis, is made up of a triad of symptoms. Which of the following is not involved in Reiter’ssyndrome?
A) Urethritis
B) Conjunctivitis
C) Arthritis
D) Pericarditis
D) Pericarditis
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is noted in systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
C) Type III
The Wright-Schober test is used in which of the following
conditions?
A) Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
B) Systemic lupus erythematosus
C) Reiter’s syndrome
D) Dermatomyositis
A) Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
Which of the following sports would be contraindicated in a
patient with ankylosing spondylitis?
A) Archery
B) Badminton
C) Bicycling
D) Table tennis
C) Bicycling
Which of the following radiographic features is not seen in
patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
A) Narrowing of the joint space
B) Increased bone density
C) Marginal erosion of bone
D) Joint fusion
B) Increased bone density
Antihistone antibodies are present in which of the following
conditions?
A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Sjögren’s syndrome
C) Polymyositis
D) Drug-induced lupus
D) Drug-induced lupus
Massage, manipulation, and traction are all examples of which
type of therapy?
A) Relaxation
B) Hydrotherapy
C) Mobilization
D) Immobilization
C) Mobilization
Which condition is associated with the following features:
heliotrope rash, Gottron’s papules,
and shawl sign?
A) Dermatomyositis
B) Inclusion body myositis
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Fibromyalgia
A) Dermatomyositis
Which condition is associated with the following features:
heliotrope rash, Gottron’s papules,
and shawl sign?
A) Dermatomyositis
B) Inclusion body myositis
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Fibromyalgia
A) Dermatomyositis
All of the following are true regarding rheumatoid arthritis
except:
A) 85% of cases are rheumatoid factor (+)
B) Rheumatoid nodules are present
C) More common in males
D) Infl ammation of the synovial capsule
C) More common in males
Which specifi c autoantibody is associated with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)?
A) Anti-Smith
B) Anti-sci-70
C) Anticentromere
D) Anti-Jo-1
A) Anti-Smith
What type of collagen defi ciency is present in osteogenesis
imperfecta?
A) Type 1 collagen
B) Type 2 collagen
C) Type 3 collagen
D) Type 4 collagen
A) Type 1 collagen
Which of the following conditions is associated with formation of
abnormal fi brillin?
A) Osteogenesis imperfecta
B) Scleroderma
C) Marfan syndrome
D) Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
C) Marfan syndrome
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which protein is absent?
A) Fibrillin
B) Dystrophin
C) Huntington
D) Sarcoglycan
B) Dystrophin
Which of the following is not a seronegative arthritis?
A) Psoriatic arthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Reactive arthritis
D) Ankylosing spondylitis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
Which of the following is elevated in Paget’s disease?
A) Calcium
B) Phosphate
C) Aminotransferase
D) Alkaline phosphatase
D) Alkaline phosphatase
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 mutation causes which of the
following conditions?
A) Paget’s disease
B) Achondroplasia
C) Osteogenesis imperfecta
D) Osteoporosis
B) Achondroplasia
Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder
caused by a mutation in the fi broblast growth factor receptor 3
(FGFR3). It is the most common form of dwarfi sm.
Which contracture is caused by forearm injuries leading to lack of
blood supply to the region?
A) Dupuytren’s contracture
B) Capsular contracture
C) Volkmann’s contracture
D) None of the above
C) Volkmann’s contracture
Pain on ulnar deviation of the wrist with the thumb grasped in the
fi st is a positive sign
for which of the following conditions?
A) Carpal tunnel syndrome
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Medial epicondylitis
D) De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
D) De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
Symmetric erosive destruction of multiple joints is more likely to
be seen in which of the following arthropathies?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Reactive arthritis
C) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
D) Gout
C) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
A patient presenting with fl exion contracture of the
metacarpophalangeal (MCP), hyperextension
of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, and the fl exion of the
distal interphalangeal
(DIP) joint is seen in which of the following diseases?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Gout
C) Psoriatic arthritis
D) Rheumatoid arthritis
D) Rheumatoid arthritis
A painful joint is aspirated and is found to contain calcium
pyrophosphate dehydrate crystals. These joint crystals are
pathognomonic of which of the following conditions?
A) Gout
B) Pseudogout
C) Psoriatic arthritis
D) Osteoarthritis
B) Pseudogout
Which of the following disorders is caused by a fi brillin defect?
A) Osteogenesis imperfecta
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Marfan syndrome
D) Scleroderma
C) Marfan syndrome
Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition
caused by FBN1 gene mutation located on chromosome 5. Excess
Which of the following is the leading cause of morbidity and
mortality in patients with
Marfan syndrome?
A) Arachnodactyly
B) Pneumothorax
C) Ectopia Lentis
D) Aortic disease
D) Aortic disease
Which of the following antibodies is tested in patients suspected
of having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
A) Anticentromere
B) Antigliadin
C) P-ANCA
D) Anti-Smith
D) Anti-Smith
SLE is a chronic infl ammatory disorder involving
multiple organs of the body, including skin, lungs, kidneys, and
joints. Antibody testing for SLE usually includes antinuclear
antibodies (ANA), antiphospholipid, anti-dsDNA, and anti
wing iation anti-Smith
Which of the following pulmonary conditions is often seen in
patients with systemic sclerosis?
A) Interstitial lung disease
B) Pneumothorax
C) Aspiration pneumonia
D) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
A) Interstitial lung disease
Which of the following is an acute phase protein s
to tissue injury?
A) Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
B) C-reactive protein (CRP)
C) C-ANCA
D) Anticentromere
B) C-reactive protein (CRP)
Which of the following organisms is commonly responsible for
infl ammatory
polyarthritis?
A) Parvovirus B-19
B) Haemophilus infl uenzae
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
A) Parvovirus B-19
Which of the following is the most destructive element of
rheumatoid arthritis?
A) Joint erosion
B) Pannus formation
C) Crystalline formation
D) Rheumatoid nodules
B) Pannus formation
Which of the following pediatric conditions leads to fragile bones
resulting in multiple
fractures?
A) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
B) Sickle cell disease
C) Osteogenesis imperfecta
D) Osteoarthritis
C) Osteogenesis imperfecta
Osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone
disease, is caused by gene mutations of alpha
chains of type 1 collagen and posttransitional modifi cation of
type 1 collagen. Type 1 collagen is an i
protein for ligament, tendon, sclera, and bone. Dysfunctional type
1 collagen results in defective quality and fragility of bone seen in
patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Which of the following is not part of the CREST syndrome?
A) Telangiectasia
B) Scleroderma
C) Raynaud’s phenomenon
D) Calcinosis
B) Scleroderma
B) The CREST syndrome comprises calcinosis, Raynaud’s
phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and
telangiectasia.
In which of the following disorders would patients have a negative rheumatoid factor
(RF)?
A) Mixed connective tissue disease
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Scleroderma
D) Sjögren’s syndrome
C) Scleroderma
Which of the following organisms has been identifi ed as the
cause of Lyme disease?
A) Borrelia burgdorferi
B) Streptococcus pyogenes
C) Neisseria meningitidis
D) Babesia microti
A) Borrelia burgdorferi
What is the most common cause of neuropathic arthropathy?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Septic arthritis
C) Systemic lupus
D) Diabetes
D) Diabetes
Most commonly seen in patients with diabetes mellitus,
Charcot foot is a term given to neuropathic arthropathy causing
painless soft-tissue swelling, bony fragments, and joint
the ankle.
Which of the following is not a feature of fi bromyalgia?
A) Pain in all four quadrants
B) CREST syndrome
C) Pain in 11 to 18 tender points
D) Symptoms for at least 3 months
B) CREST syndrome
Which of the following is the most common benign tumor
composed of adipocytes?
A) Focal nodular hyperplasia
B) Neuroblastoma
C) Hemangioma
D) Lipoma
D) Lipoma
Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue fi ber?
A) Ependymal
B) Collagen
C) Elastic
D) Reticular
A) Ependymal
Which of the following conditions causes calcifi cation of
connective tissue?
A) Fibrodysplasia ossifi cans progressiva
B) Hajdu–Cheney syndrome
C) Fetal hydantoin syndrome
D) Hurler disease
A) Fibrodysplasia ossifi cans progressiva
What is the most common cause of acute nontraumatic
monoarthritis in young adults?
A) Septic arthritis
B) Gonococcal arthritis
C) Gout
D) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Gonococcal arthritis
Pain relieved by activity is a feature of which of the following
types of arthritis?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Septic arthritis
D) Gouty arthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis is associated with which of the following
HLA allele?
A) HLA-B47
B) HLA-B27
C) HLA-DR4
D) HLA-B72
B) HLA-B27
Which of the following is not a feature of Scheuermann
kyphosis?
A) Vertebral body wedging of at least 5 degrees
B) Flattening of curvature with extension
C) Involvement of at least three vertebral bodies
D) Anterior wedging
B) Flattening of curvature with extension
Which of the following is not a feature of Scheuermann
kyphosis?
A) Vertebral body wedging of at least 5 degrees
B) Flattening of curvature with extension
C) Involvement of at least three vertebral bodies
D) Anterior wedging
B) Flattening of curvature with extension
Heberden’s nodes are a common feature in which of the
following disease processes?
A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Septic arthritis
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Gouty arthritis
C) Osteoarthritis
What is the term given to the enlargement of the gastrocnemius
semimembranosus bursa?
A) Baker’s cyst
B) Septic arthritis
C) Gout
D) Pseudogout
A) Baker’s cyst
A) The gastrocnemius-semimembranosus bursa
between the tendons of the medial head of the gastrocnemius and
the semimembranosus muscles. The distention of this bursa is
called a Baker’s cyst. Although usually asymptomatic, the
rupture of a Baker’s cyst can cause acute pain in the back of th
knee.
Class II and Class III RA
inflammatory
septic
non-inflammatory types of connective tissue dse
osteoarthritis (degenerative)
metabolic: lipid storage, hemochromatosis, ochronosis, hypogammaglobulinemia
name 7 critieria for RA and how many needed for diagnosis
4 needed of
morning stiffness arthritis of 3 or more joints . symmetric . rheumatoid nodule . serum rheumatoid factor . radiograhic changes
ESR correlation
CRP
ESR - degree of synovial iflmmartion
CRP: degreee of inflammation
most common place for RA
cervical spine, transverse ligament of C1
adhesive capsulitis found in
shoulder RA
differentiate between stage III and IV of RA
fibrous or bony ankylosis
criteria for remission of RA
at least 2 months
. no fatigue . no join pain . no tnederness . no soft tissue swelling . EST <30 mm/hr
stage vs class in RA
Stage: degree of profression
Class: functional ability
what is the most common joint disorder
osteoarthritis
inflammatory myopathies usually affect (proximal, distal) muscles
proximal
grotton’s papules
dermatomyositis
