Joints - Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 classes of joints?

A

Synarthroses

Diarthroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Do synarthroses allow movement?

A

They allow no/very limited movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 classes of synarthroses

A

Fibrous joint

Cartilaginous joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Types of synovial joints (6)

A
Ball-and-socket
Hinge joint
Planar joint
Pivot joint
Saddle joint
Condyloid joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Degrees of Freedom for hinge joint

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Movement allowed in a hinge joint

A

Flexion-Extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Examples of hinge joints in the body

A

Ulno-humeral (elbow)
Interphalangeal joints
Knee and ankle are atypical hinge joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Degrees of freedom for pivot joint

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Movement allowed by a pivot joint

A

Rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Examples of pivot joints in the body

A

Radio-ulnar joint (allows supnation/pronation or forearm)

Atlanto-axial joint (allows head to turn left/right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Degrees of freedom for a condyloid joint

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Movement allowed by condyloid joint

A

Flexion-Extension

Abduction & Adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examples of condyloid joints in the body

A

Radio-carpal

1st-4th MCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Degrees of freedom for a ball-and-socket joint

A

3 (allows movement in all 3 planes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Movement allowed by a ball-and-socket joint

A

Flexion-Extension
Abduction & Adduction
Internal & External rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Examples of ball-and-socket joints in the body

A

Gleno-humeral joint

Acetabulo-femoral joint

17
Q

Degrees of freedom for a plane joint

A

variable (translational)

18
Q

Movement allowed by a plane joint

A

Sliding and/or rotation

19
Q

Examples of plane joints in the body

A

Inter-carpal joints
Inter-tarsal joints
Sacro-iliac joint

20
Q

Degrees of freedom for a saddle joint

21
Q

Movement allowed for a saddle joint

A

Flexion-Extension

Abduction-Extension

22
Q

Examples of saddle joints in the body

A
1st CMC (base of thumb)
Sterno-clavicular joint
23
Q

What are the 2 layers of the synovial membrane

A

Intimal

Subintimal

24
Q

Describe the make-up of the intimal layer of the synovial membrane (2)

A
Contains fibroblasts (secrete lubricin)
Contains phagocytic macrophages
25
Describe the make-up of the subintimal layer of the synovial membrane
``` Contains: Blood vessels Lymphatics Type 1 collagen Subintimal fibroblasts & macrophages ```
26
What can we attribute the viscosity of synovial fluid to?
Hyaluronate
27
Synovial membrane function (3)
Produce synovial fluid Maintain synovial fluid volume Providing a packing that can change shape in whatever way is needed
28
Function of synovial fluid (4)
Shock absorber Provide nutrients for cartilage Remove waste from cartilage Provides lubrication
29
Joint functions (2)
Provide low-friction surface for motion | Transfer loads
30
Examples of fibrous synarthroses in the body
Tibio-talar joint | Sutures in skill
31
Examples of cartilaginous synarthroses in the body
Pubic symphysis Costochondral joints (completely immovable) Intervertebral discs