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joints Flashcards

1
Q

joint are

A

(articulations) are sites where bones meet. hold skeleton together, give mobility, weakest parts of skeleton

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2
Q

structural classification :

A

fibrous, cartiagious, synovial,

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3
Q

funcational classification

A

synarthroses, amphiarthoroses, diarthroses

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4
Q

fibrous

A

bones connected by fibers

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5
Q

cartilaginous

A

bones bound by cartilage

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6
Q

synovial

A

bones seperated by a joint cavity with synovial fluid

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7
Q

synarthroses

A

immovable, syn= together arthr= joined

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8
Q

amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable, amphi = on all sides

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9
Q

diarthroses

A

freely movable dia= apart

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10
Q

3 types of fibrous tissue

A

sutures, sydesmoses gomphoses

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11
Q

sutures

A

occur only in skull.

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12
Q

synostosis

A

fibrous tissue ossifies in adults that becomes a boney joint called synostosis

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13
Q

synssmoses

A

bones joined by ligaments

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14
Q

gomphoses

A

attachment of teeth in sockets gomph = nail

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15
Q

cartilagious joints

A

two types :synchondroses and symphyses

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16
Q

synchodroses

A

bones joined with hyaline cartilage

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17
Q

symphyses

A

two bones joined together by fibro cartilage

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18
Q

synovial joints

A

articulating bones seperated by fluid filled cavities

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19
Q

articular cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage, overs opposing bone surfaces

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20
Q

joint cavity

A

filled with synovial fluid a slippery lubricant that reduces friction and removes wastes

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21
Q

articular capsule

A

encloses joint cavity, made of connective tissue

22
Q

tendon

A

strip or sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

23
Q

ligament

A

attaches one bone to another

24
Q

bursa

A

fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid that cushions muscles and helps tendons slide more easily.

25
Q

tendon sheath

A

elongated cylinrical bursae wrapped around a tendon

26
Q

plane (gliding joints)

A

carpal bones (wrist)

27
Q

hinge joints

A

movement in one plane only , elbow

28
Q

pivot joints

A

bone that spins on a longitudinal axis . turning of head

29
Q

saddle joints

A

allows biaxial movement ex thumb

30
Q

condyle joints

A

rounded bone fits into depression on other. metacarpophalages joints

31
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of bursa due to repetitive movement or pressure. ex students elbow

32
Q

tendinitis

A

inflammation of tendons and tendon sheath may be due to overuse

33
Q

osteoarthritis

A

due to wear and tear

34
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, deforms joints

35
Q

gout

A

uric acid and crystals accumulate in the joints

36
Q

flexion

A

decreases angle of joint. bending elbow

37
Q

extension

A

increases angle of joint. extending elbow

38
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bend foot up

39
Q

plantar flexion

A

bend foot down

40
Q

abduction

A

move away from body

41
Q

adduction

A

move toward body

42
Q

circumduction

A

move arms or legs in circles

43
Q

supination

A

palms cupped upward

44
Q

pronation

A

palms facing down

45
Q

inversion

A

sole of foot turned in

46
Q

eversion

A

sole of foot turned out (laterally)

47
Q

protraction

A

mandible pushed out

48
Q

retraction

A

mandible pulled in

49
Q

elevation

A

closing of mouth, shrugging shoulders

50
Q

depression

A

opening of mouth lowering shoulders

51
Q

opposition

A

touching thumbs to finger tips

bio joints (1 decks)

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