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Pathology 4, Quiz 4 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

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0
Q

arthritis due to the aging process and involves no other predisposing dz

A

primary arthritis

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1
Q

Progressive erosion of articular cartilage

A

osteoarthritis

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2
Q

Where is the cellular basis of osteoarthritis?

A

chondrocytes

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3
Q

Heberdon nodes (DIPs)

A

Osteoarthritis

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4
Q

on x-ray, joint space narrowing, marginal osteophyte formation, subchondral bone cysts, and sclerosis

A

osteoarthritis

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5
Q

Fibrous-lined cysts in the subchondral bone

A

progressive osteoarthritis

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6
Q

These structures develop about the margins of the osteoarthritic joint

A

bony outgrowths (osteophytes or bone spurs)

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7
Q

chronic, systemic inflammatory dz of uknown cause, characterized by polyarthritis which is often progressive and deforming

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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8
Q

~80% of RA cases are associated with a group of … called…

A

anti IgG autoantibodiees; rheumatoid factor

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9
Q

RA also has an association with certain … such as … encoded within ….

A

class II antigens; HLA-DR4; major histocompatibility complex

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10
Q

RA is (monoarticular/polyarticular), (unilateral/bilateral), and (symmetrical/non symmetrical)

A

polyarticular, bilateral, symmetrical

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11
Q

Bilateral, symmetrical, fusiform swelling and redness of the fingers at the PIP joints

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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12
Q

The primary joint lesion in RA occurs in the … of affected joints and is called … and ….

A

synovial membrane; diffuse proliferative and exudative synovitis

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13
Q

multiple layers of proliferated (hyperplastic) synoviocytes along with lymphocytic infiltration

A

rheumatoid synovitis

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14
Q

What is Felty’s syndrome?

A

RA with splenomegaly and manifestations of hypersplenism (i.e. leukopenia)

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15
Q

Inc lymphocytic infiltration in synovial fluid

A

RA

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16
Q

chronic systemic polyarthritis of uknown etiology with onset at less than 16yo

A

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

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17
Q

newer, more specific test for RA

A

anti-citrulated protein antibody

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18
Q

JRA is usu (symmetrical/non symmetrical)

A

symmetrical

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19
Q

group of dzs characterized by inflammatory arthritis which most often in association with other conditions

A

seronegative spondyloarthropathies

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20
Q

chronic inflammatory jt dz of the axial skeleton, esp the SI jts

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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21
Q

Approximately 90% of cases of ankylosing spondylitis are … positive

A

HLA-B27

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22
Q

boney outgrowths can fuse and produce spinal progressive low back pain

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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23
Q

Chronic synovitis causes destruction of articular cartilage. Inflammation of the insertions of tendons and ligaments leads to boney outgrowths.

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

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24
Q

“bamboo spine”

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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25
Q

Triad of arthritis, non-gonococcal urethritis or cervicitis, and conjunctivits

A

Reiter’s syndrome

26
Q

80% of Reiter’s syndrome pts are … positive

A

HLA-B27

27
Q

GI infxns associated with Reiter’s (4)

A

Shigella, Salmonella, Yersina, Campylobacter

28
Q

Most commonly associated G.U. infection associated with Reiter’s

A

Chlamydia

29
Q

Spinal involvement may mimic the x-ray findings of ankylosing spondylitis

A

Reiter’s syndrome

30
Q

Distinctive feature of psoriatic arthritis

A

nail pitting

31
Q

Most common organisms involved in bacterial or supperative arthritis

A

gonococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, H. influenza, E. coli, pseudomonas

32
Q

sickle cell pts are at a greater risk for what bacterial infections of their jts?

A

Salmonella

33
Q

What organism is most commonly noted in bacterial arthritis of children under 2?

A

H. influenza

34
Q

Most common organism found in older children and adults with bacterial arthritis

A

S. aureus

35
Q

Gonococcal arthritis is often … with … while non-gonococcal arthritis is more often …

A

migratory; multiple joints; single joints

36
Q

confluent granulomas with central caseous necrosis

A

tuberculosis arthritis

37
Q

Tuberculosis of the spine

A

Pott’s disease

38
Q

tuberculosis of the spine affects…. and … and comprises both … and …

A

thoracic; lumbar; tuberculosis osteomyelitis; arthritis

39
Q

principal vector of lyme dz

A

Ixodoes scapularis

40
Q

Which spirochete causes Lyme dz?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

41
Q

Characteristic rash of Lyme dz

A

erythema migrans

42
Q

Two main crystalline arthritis

A

gout, pseudogout

43
Q

Gout is d/t deposition of … crystals in the joint space whereas pseudogout is d/t jt space deposition of … crystals

A

monosodium urate (uric acid); calcium pyrophosphate

44
Q

Hyperuricemia may develop as a consequence of … or ….

A

increased uricc acid production; decreased uric acid excretion

45
Q

… toxicity increases the risk for gout

A

lead

46
Q

gout developing as a consequence of ingesting lead contaminated alcohol (moonshine)

A

Saturnine gout

47
Q

Which 3 drugs may inc uric acid levels in pts with gout?

A

aspirin, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics

48
Q

masses of crystalline or amorphous urate deposits surrounded by an inflammatory reaction of macrophages, fibroblasts, and giant multi-nucleated cells

A

tophus

49
Q

pathognomonic lesion of gout

A

tophus

50
Q

chondrocalcinosis

A

pseudogout

51
Q

pseudogout usu affects which jts?

A

knee and ankle

52
Q

small cyst (1-1.5cm) that is usually located near a jt capsule or tendon sheath

A

ganglion

53
Q

most common location for ganglion

A

wrist

54
Q

The fluid that fills a ganglion is similar to synovial fluid, but there is no what?

A

communication with the jt space

55
Q

cystic degeneration of CT and lacks true cell lining

A

ganglion

56
Q

herniation of synovial fluid through jt capsule

A

synovial cyst

57
Q

well recognized complication of RA

A

Baker’s cyst

58
Q

several closely related benign neoplasms that can develop in the synovial linings of jts, tendon sheaths and bursae

A

villonodular synovitis

59
Q

Most common forms of villonodular synovitis

A

pigmented villonodular synovitis and diffuse-type giant cell tumor of tendon sheath

60
Q

Most frequent location for synovial sarcoma

A

knee and ankle

61
Q

Helpful x-ray feature in synovial sarcoma

A

focal calcification

62
Q

Most common type of jt dz

A

Osteoarthritis

Pathology 4, Quiz 4 (3 decks)

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