joints Flashcards
properties of a butt joint
simplest method of joining timber
relies upon adhesives such as pva
advantages of butt joint
- easy to complete
- the pieces to be joined are cut square, pva is applied and then the joint is clamped dry
disadvantages of butt joints
- only suitable for very lightweight applications such as modelling
properties of dowel joints
- small round pegs made from a hardwood
- they come in a range of timbers in different thicknesses
advantages of dowel joint
- simple joining process- stronger tgan using a butt joint because tge dowels interconnect the two pieces
- easy to use, do not require skills or complex tools
disadvantages of dowel joints
- requires precise drilling and alignment- can sometimes be challenging
- needs specific tools like a dowel jig, drill and dowels
possible uses of dowel joints
- typically used in flat pack furniture such as bookcases and wardrobes
mitre joints properties
- similar to butt joints- they rely upon simply gluing and clamping the pieces together- at a 45 degree angle
mitre joints advantages
- easy process- using an angled belt sander usually
mitre joints disadvantages
- sometimes its quite a weak joint
- not always secure- glued together
mitre joints uses
picture frames
comb joint properties
- the combs create an increased gluing surface area
comb joint advantages
- make a strong joint
- comb joints can be cut relatively easily using a band saw or laser cut- or with more skill using a tenon saw and wood chisel
comb joint disadvantages
requires accuracy to be able to interlock
comb joints uses
- commonly used to make boxes- perfect for this application because the two piece’s interlock
dovetail joint properties
- have directional strength
dovetail joint advatages
- once glued together, its nearly impossible to pull them apart
- can be cut by hand using a dovetail saw, or more commonly machined with a router and jig that requires less skill
dovetail joint disadvantages
- can be fairly difficult to mark out and cut, requires skill and practice
dovetail joint uses
- used in making drawers- directional strength- excellent for joining the front and back of a drawer to the sides
mortise and tenon joint properties
- involves making a square or rectangle hole- known as a mortise
- this might be done with a mortise machine or router, or by simply drilling and cutting using a chisel
advantages of mortise and tenon joint
- strong
- durable
mortise and tenon joint disadvantages
- can be difficult to cut the hole without specialist tools
- may require specialist, complex tools
mortise and tenon joint uses
- used to make heavy duty frame constructions for furniture or similar applications
housing joint properties
- a groove is cut into one piece, and the end of the second piece is inserted into it
advantages of housing joint
- can be adjusted- could be glued in position to make the joint permanent, or left unglued so it can be taken apart or adjusted
- structurally strong, can be made using a tenon saw, chisel or router
disadvantages of a housing joint
- may difficult to make if a router is not used
housing joint uses
- useful for making framework construction, cabinets and shelving
half lap joint properties
- it is made by cutting a ‘step’ in the end if each piece
half lap joint advantages
- the step is simple to make but it has a larger gluing surface area than a butt joint- making it stronger
- easy to mark out and cut with a tenon saw or band saw
half lap joint disadvantages
- can weaken the strength of the two adjoining boards
half lap joint uses
- used to make simple frames or boxes
modesty blocks properties
- small, rigid polymer blocks
- they have moulded holes that take screws which are used to join the block to panels
modesty blocks advantages
- simple to use
modesty blocks disadvantages
- not a particularly strong joint
- unattractive joint
- becoming outdated in mainstream furniture manufacture
modesty blocks uses
- might be used on cupboards and storage units
barrel nut and bolt properties
- uses a cross dowel that is fitted into one of the pieces to be joined, the bolt is inserted through the other piece of timber and tightened into the cross dowel
barrel nut and bolt advantages
- they do not require a flange to be machined or forged onto the receiving part- reducing the weight
barrel nut and bolt disadvantages
- bolt requires holding in place while the washer/ nut is installed
barrel nut and bolt uses
- used to assemble parts of flat pack furniture such as the frame of a bed or table
cam lock connector properties
- consist of a metal dowel that is screwed into one of the pieces by inserting a screwdriver into the slot on the side
cam lock connector advantages
- easy to install
- economical
- easy to disconnect
cam lock connector disadvantages
- may not be ideal for high pressure systems
cam lock connector uses
- typically used in flat pack furniture such as bookcases, where the horizontal shelves are attached to the sides
wood screws properties
- have a coarser pitch compared to screws used for sheet metal
advantages of wood screws
- often, part of the screw- known as the shank, does not have a thread.
- this makes it easier for screwing two pieces of timber together where the thread is only needed at the bottom
advantages of wood screws
- often, part of the screw- known as the shank, does not have a thread.
- this makes it easier for screwing two pieces of timber together where the thread is only needed at the bottom
disadvantages of wood screws
- lower load capacity- unsuitable for heavy duty or high stress applications, less clamping force- lack of a nut means less clamping force than bolts
uses of wood screws
- furniture assembly, carpentry projects etc
bolts properties
- called ‘coach bolts’ - have a thread that runs about two thirds of the way along the bolt
bolts advantages
- under the domed head of the bolt is a square piece that digs into the wood when tightened, preventing the bolt from rotating
- this means that when the bolt is tightened, the domed head cannot be undone with a spanner
bolts disadvantages
- slow installation- bolts generally take longer to install due to the need for a separate nut and potentially two tools
uses of bolts
- useful in fitting bolts or locks to wooden doors because it makes them secure if the domed part is on the outside
