joints

Question 1

joint ype

Answer 1

Ginglymus or hinge-type joint

Question 2

joint movements

Answer 2

only allows flexion/extension
[pronation/supination also occurs]

Question 3

2 interrelated joints

Answer 3

Humeroulnar joint [elbow]
Radiohumeral joints [not elbow]

Question 4

bone articulations of joint

Answer 4

specifically humeral trochlear fitting into ulna trochlear notch

Question 5

radiohumeral joint articulation

Answer 5

radial head has a relatively small amount of contact with capitulum of humerus

Question 6

bone articulation in full elbow flexion

Answer 6

olecranon process is received by olecranon fossa
increased joint stability when fully extended

Question 7

bone articulation in full elbow flexion

Answer 7

coranoid process fits into coranoid fossa

Question 8

elbow flexion past 20 degrees

Answer 8

bony stability is unlocked, allowing for more side-to-side laxity

Question 9

lateral (radial) collateral ligament & the medial or (ulnar) collateral ligament role

Answer 9

stability in flexion
Prevent motion in the frontal plane (Abduction and Adduction) and Transverse plane (Rotation)

Question 10

UCL role

Answer 10

PREVENTS ABDUCTION
Ulnar (Medial) collateral ligament is critical in providing medial support to prevent elbow from abducting (Valgus Stress) when stressed in physical activity

Question 11

UCL risks and injury

Answer 11

high-velocity sporting activities requiring optimal medial elbow stability like baseball pitching
“Tommy-John procedure” is UCL surgical reconstruction using a tendon graft such as palmaris longus tendon

Question 12

Radial (Lateral) collateral ligament role

Answer 12

lateral stability & is rarely injured
Prevents Adduction (Varus force)

Question 13

Lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)

Answer 13

typically injured in posterolateral elbow dislocations

Question 14

Annular ligament

Answer 14

WRAPS AROUND RADIAL HEAD AS SLING PREVENTING INFERIOR DISPLACEMENT
provides a sling effect around radial head for stability
Wraps around Radial Head
Funnel-shaped ligament that does not allow inferior displacement of Radial Head
Thick and wide at toparounf head of Radius, thin at base on Radius

Question 15

elbow ROM

Answer 15

0 to 145-150 degrees flexion

Question 16

carrying angle

Answer 16

5-15 degree lateral deviation of forearm in anatomical position
higher in females and on dominant arm due to valgus stress

Question 17

Proximal and Distal Radioulnar joints

Answer 17

Trochoid or pivot-type joint
Head of Radius articulates with Radial Notch of the Ulna
Head of Ulna articulates with the Ulnar Notch of the Radius

Question 18

Radioulnar joint ROM

Answer 18

Supinate 80 to 90 degrees from neutral
Pronate 70 to 90 degrees from neutral

Question 19

Interosseus Membrane between radius and ulna Function

Answer 19

1. Hold the Radius and Ulna in close proximity
2. Create compartments of the forearm
3. Allows for proper weight transfer from hand to wrist to forearm to upper arm to GH joint to shoulder girdle

Question 20

when tightening a screw with a screwdriver

Answer 20

radioulnar supination
externally rotate
flex the glenohumeral & elbow joints

Question 21

when loosening a tight screw

Answer 21

pronation, we tend to
internally rotate & extend the elbow & glenohumeral joints, respectfully