Joints Flashcards
what are joints ?
the junction between two or more bones or cartilages, device that permits movements
joints on the basis of structural classification
- fibrous - sutures, syndesmosis, gomphosis
- cartilaginous- primary CJ/ synchondrosis, secondary CJ/ symphysis or amphiarthrosis
- synovial- plane, hinge, pivot/throcoid, condylar/bicondylar, ellipsoid, sellar/saddle, ball and socket
joints on the basis of functional classification
- synarthrosis- immovable such as sututes
- amphiarthrosis- slightly movable like secondary cartilaginous joints
- diarthrosis- freely movable such as synovial joints
joints on the basis of region classification
- skull- immovable
- vertebral- slightly movable
- limb - freely movable
joints on the basis of number of articulating surface classification
- simple- only two bones articulate such as inter-phalangeal
- compound- more than 2 bones articulate within one capsule such as elbow and wrist joint
- complex- joint cavity is divided by intra-articular disc such as temporomandibular joint, sternoclavicular joint
joints on the basis of aixial movement classification
- uniaxial- pivot and hinge
2.biaxial- condylar and ellipsoid - multiaxial- ball and socket joint & saddle
give examples and types of sutures
- plane- inter-nasal
- serrate- interparietal saggital and coronal
- squamous- temporo-parietal
- denticulate - lamboidal shaped between pariteal and occipital
- schindylesis- between rostrum of sphenoid and border of vomer
what are fontanelles ?
they are widened sutures, membrane filled gaps temporary in nature.
present in neonatal skulls
represent intra-membranous ossification in progress
applied:- permit temporary moulding during normal vaginal birth, allow underlying brain to grow in size.
anterior fontanelles are used to check hydration of the infant.
become bones by 18 months
