Joints

Question 1

Joints are…

Answer 1

Classified according to what they are made of and function

Question 2

3 types of main joints

Answer 2

• synovial joints
• fibrous joints
• cartilaginous joints

Question 3

Synovial joints (moving joints)

Answer 3

Articular cartilage located on ends of bones that come in contact with one another.
Joint capsule consists of the synovial membrane and fibrous capsule.
Joint cavity filled with synovial fluid, which acts as lubricant for the joint.
Bursae small fluid sacs found at friction points.

Question 4

Intrinsic ligaments

Answer 4

Thick bonds of fibrous connective tissue that help thicken and reinforce joint capsule.

Question 5

Extrinsic ligaments

Answer 5

Separate from the joint capsule and help to reinforce the joint.

Question 6

Ball and socket joints

Answer 6

The “ball” of one joint fits into the “socket” of another. Allows movement around three axes. (The humerus rests in the glenoid cavity).

Question 7

Gliding joints

Answer 7

Connects flat or slightly curved bone surfaces that glide against one another (between the tarsals and metatarsals).

Question 8

Hinge joints

Answer 8

A convex portion of one bone fits into a concave portion of another (joint between ulna and humerus).

Question 9

Pivot joints

Answer 9

A rounded point of one bone fits into a groove of another. (The joint between the first two vertebrae in the neck, which allows rotation of the head.).

Question 10

Saddle joints

Answer 10

Allow movement in two planes not rotation. (Found at the carpo-metacarpal articulation of thumb.)

Question 11

Ellipsoid joints

Answer 11

Type of synovial joint also allows movement in two planes. (Wrist)