Joints

Question 1

Structural Classification of Joints

Answer 1

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 2

Synarthrotic

Answer 2

immovable

Question 3

Amphiarthrotic

Answer 3

slightly movable

Question 4

Diarthrotic

Answer 4

freely movable

Question 5

Fibrous joints

Answer 5

are held together with dense connective tissue containing many collagen fibers; found in bones in close contact.

Question 6

3 types of fibrous joints

Answer 6

Syndesmosis.
Suture.
Gomphosis

Question 7

Syndesmosis

Answer 7

Bones bound by a sheet of dense connective tissue (interosseous membrane) or a bundle of dense connective tissue (interosseous ligament).
Amphiarthrotic (flexible, may twist).
Lies between tibia and fibula.

Question 8

Suture

Answer 8

Between flat bones of skull.
Thin layer of connective tissue (sutural ligament) connects bones.
Synarthrotic (immovable).

Question 9

Gomphosis

Answer 9

Cone-shaped bony process in a socket in jawbone.
Tooth in jawbone by periodontal ligament.
Synarthrotic (immovable).

Question 10

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 10

connected by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

Question 11

2 types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 11

Synchondrosis.

Symphysis

Question 12

Synchondrosis Joints

Answer 12

Bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones.
Some are temporary, such as epiphyseal plate (ossification converts this to a synostosis).
Between manubrium and the first rib (costal cartilages, permanent, synarthrotic).

Question 13

Symphysis Joints

Answer 13

Pad of fibrocartilage between bones.
Articular surfaces covered by hyaline cartilage.
Amphiarthrotic (limited movement).
Pubic symphysis.
Joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae (intervertebral discs)

Question 14

Synovial Joints

Answer 14

Make up most joints in the body

all are diarthrotic

Question 15

Ball-and-Socket Joint:

Answer 15

Also called spheroidal joint.
Round head in cup-shaped cavity.
Widest range of motion.
Hip and shoulder

Question 16

Condylar Joint

Answer 16

Also called ellipsoidal joint.
Oval condyle fits into elliptical cavity.
Back-and-forth, side-to-side movement.
Joints between metacarpals & phalanges

Question 17

Plane Joint

Answer 17

Also called gliding joint.
Almost flat, or slightly curved.
Back-and-forth and twisting.
Wrist and ankle joints.

Question 18

Hinge Joint

Answer 18

Convex surface fits into concave surface of other bone.
Uniaxial movement (in 1 plane).
Elbow, joints between phalanges.

Question 19

Pivot Joint:

Answer 19

Also called trochoid joint.
Cylindrical surface rotates within ring of other bone.
Uniaxial movement.
Rotation only.
Atlas (C1) and dens of axis (C2).

Question 20

Saddle Joint

Answer 20

Also called sellar joint.
Both bones have concave and convex surfaces.
Biaxial movement (in 2 planes).
Carpal & metacarpal of thumb.