Joint Structure and Function

Question 1

complexity of joint design: 2 broad cartegories

Answer 1

1. synarthroses/synarthrodial (nonsynovial)

2. diarthroses/diarthrodial (synovial)

Question 2

synarthroses

Answer 2

• connections made via fibrous or cartilagenous connective tissue
  1. fibrous (3 types)
  2. cartilagenous (2 types)

Question 3

fibrous joints

Answer 3

1. sutures-skull
2. gomphoses-teeth
3. syndesmoses-radius, ulna, tibia

Question 4

sutures

Answer 4

• bone united via collagenous sutural ligament or membrane
• shapes interlock or overlap
• occurs only in the skull

Question 5

gomphosis

Answer 5

• surfaces adapted like a peg in a hole
• connectd via fibrous tissue
• only found in the human body between tooth and mandible or maxilla

Question 6

syndesmosis

Answer 6

• bones joined directly by an interosseous ligament or cord or aponeurotic membrane
• small amount of motion allowed
• ex found between radius and ulna and tibia and fibula

Question 7

cartilaginous joints

Answer 7

2 types

1. symphysis (secondary cartilaginous)
2. synchondrosis (primary cartilaginous)

Question 8

symphysis

Answer 8

• secondary cartilaginous
• covered by a thin lamina of hyaline cartilage and directly joined by fibrocartilage in the form of disks or pads
• -ex=IV joints
• -joint btwn manubrium and sternal body
• symphysis pubis of pelvis

Question 9

synchondrosis

Answer 9

• primary cartilagenous
• hyaline cartilage joins the surfaces
• forms a bond at the ossifying centers
• permits growth, some stability, and some mobility
• in skull and btwn 1st rib and sternum (1st chondrosternal joint)

Question 10

composition of synovial fluid

Answer 10

• hyaluronic acid: responsible for viscosity of fluid and reduction of friction
• lubricin: responsible for cartilage on cartilage lubrication