Joint Positions in Gait Flashcards
How is the pelvis rotated during initial contact?
If you are measuring the right leg, the right pelvis should be anteriorly rotated.
A patient’s heel has just made contact with the ground. What position is the hip typically in?
30 degrees of flexion
In initial contact, where is the knee positioned?
0 degrees (fully extended)
In initial contact, how is the ankle positioned?
0 degrees (neutral)
Is the foot supinated or pronated in initial contact?
Slightly supinated foot, but it is pseudo-closed chain
What is the foot doing during loading response?
The foot moves towards pronation.
Is the ankle dorsiflexed or plantar flexed during loading response?
The ankle should be in 10 degrees of plantar flexion.
During loading response, how is the knee positioned?
Slight flexion for shock absorption. 10 degrees
The patient has just started putting weight through the right leg. Where is the hip positioned?
30 degrees. It doesn’t change in the sagittal plane between IC and LR.
How is the pelvis positioned in loading response?
When measuring the right leg, it should still be anteriorly rotated on the R.
In midstance, how does the pelvis move?
The pelvis starts anteriorly rotated. In the middle it is neutral. At the end, it is posteriorly rotated.
Where is the hip positioned in midstance?
Pass from 30 to neutral to moving towards extension. At the end, it is in 10 degrees of extension.
In midstance, where is the knee positioned?
Slightly flexed. 10 Degrees
How many degrees of dorsiflexion is the ankle in during midstance?
10 degrees of dorsiflexion
Where is the foot positioned during midstance?
At the middle of midstance, the foot is in neutral. At the end, the foot is fully pronated.
During terminal stance, how is the pelvis rotated?
The pelvis is rotated posteriorly.
During terminal stance is the hip in flexion or extension?
The hip is in 10 degrees of extension. This is called terminal hip extension. It is extremely important for nourishment of the joint.
Where is the knee in terminal stance?
10 degrees of flexion
During terminal stance, is the ankle in dorsiflexion or plantar flexion?
10 degrees of dorsiflexion. This is the most you have in gait.
What is the foot doing in terminal stance?
The foot is starting to move towards supination, so it can be rigid and push off.
In pre-swing, how does the pelvis move?
It moves into neutral.
How is the foot positioned in pre-swing?
The foot is supinated.
How is the ankle positioned in pre-swing?
5 (-10) degrees of plantar flexion
In pre-swing, what does the hip do?
The hip goes to neutral.
During pre-swing, is the knee extended or flexed?
The knee is at 30 degrees of flexion.
In initial swing, what happens to the pelvis?
The pelvis starts anteriorly rotating again.
In initial swing, is the hip flexed or extended?
The hip starts at neutral. Then moves to 30 degrees.
What does the knee do in initial swing?
The knee starts at 30 degrees. At the end, 70 degrees. This is the most your knee needs to flex during the swing phase.
During initial swing, how is the ankle positioned?
0 degrees at end. Neutral. Starts at 5 degrees of plantar flexion. Moves to 0.
How is the foot positioned in initial swing?
The foot is in neutral.
During mid-swing, which way does the pelvis rotate?
The pelvis rotates anteriorly.
How flexed is the hip in mid-swing?
30 degrees of flexion
What position is the knee in during mid-swing?
70 degrees of flexion.
Where is the ankle during mid-swing?
0 degrees. Neutral.
During mid-swing, how is the foot positioned?
The foot is in neutral.
In terminal swing, which way is the pelvis rotated?
The pelvis is anteriorly rotated.
How much flexion is the hip in during terminal swing?
The hip stays at 30 degrees of flexion.
During terminal swing, what happens to the knee?
By the end, you’ve hit 0 degrees of flexion. You have gotten to 0 by IC.
Where is the ankle positioned during terminal swing?
The ankle is at 0 degrees.
Is the foot supinated or pronated in terminal swing?
Slightly supinated
