Joint Movement Flashcards
With reference to movement:
Describe a frontal (coronal) plane and name the corresponding axis of movement.
A frontal plane is a vertical plane which is at right angles to the sagittal plane. It divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
Frontal plane – sagittal axis
Define the ‘normal end-feel’ of movement at a joint. List two(2) different types of end-fee
Normal end feel is felt at the end of normal physiological movement with an elastic, slowly increasing resistance
Different end feels: bone on bone, apposition of soft tissue,
Explain what the term ‘the loose packed positions of a joint’ means.
Where part of the joint capsule and ligament support is relaxed
The joint surfaces are not in a position of congruence
Where most accessory movement range is available
Give the open packed position of the hip joint.
30 degrees flexion, 30 degrees abduction, slight lateral rotation
Explain the term ‘accessory movement”
Gliding and sliding movements that occur between joint surfaces that are produced by an external force i.e. a therapist, that cannot be performed by the person themselves.
Briefly explain the term ‘active physiological’ movement
Movements between bones performed by the person themselves to create normal function. Movement is angular and described in terms of anatomical axis and planes
Briefly describe ‘passive physiological’ movement
Movements at a joint brought about by movement of the limb/body part created by an external force but without any active muscle contraction.
State Prime mover/Range.factors limiting range for
Hip Abduction
Gluteus Med/Min/TFL, 30-50 degs, Tension in adductor muscles, pubofemoral lig and medial band of iliofemoral lig
State Prime mover/Range.factors limiting range for
Elbow Flexion
Brachialis (Biceps brachii, brachioradialis), 145 degs, Soft tissue apposition, tension in posterior capsule, tension in Triceps
State Prime mover/Range.factors limiting range for
Lumbar Side Flexion
Ipsilateral External and internal Obliques, Quadratus lumborum, 15-20 degs Tension in atagonists, intratransverse ligts
For the movements Hip Flex/Elbow flex and Lumbar side flex ; state the plane and axis of movement
Hip flexion – frontal plane, sagittal axis
Elbow flexion- sagittal plane, frontal axis
Lumbar side flexion- frontal plane, sagittal axis
Briefly define the following terms
i. Superior ii Contralateral iii Lateral flexion
Superior-a structure that is positioned relatively more towards the head
ii. Contralateral- opposite side to the side being discussed
iii. Lateral flexion – leaning trunk toward one side
Define the sagittal plane and axis
Sagittal plane – vertical plane which divides the body into two halves (left and right)
Sagittal axis – a single point on the sagittal plane at right angle to the frontal plane about which movement can occur.
