Joint Movement

Question 1

Extension

Answer 1

Movement resulting in an increase of the joint angle, usually moving posteriorly in the sagittal plane

Question 2

Abduction

Answer 2

Movement away from the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane

Question 3

Adduction

Answer 3

Movement toward the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane

Question 4

Horizontal Abduction

Answer 4

Movement away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane, usually used to describe horizontal humerus movement when the shoulder is flexed at 90°

Question 5

Internal(medial) rotation

Answer 5

Rotation in the transverse plane toward the midline of the body

Question 6

Lateral Flexion(right or left)

Answer 6

Movement away from the midline of the body in the frontal plane, usually used to describe neck and trunk movement

Question 7

Horizontal adduction

Answer 7

Movement toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane, usually used to describe horizontal humerus movement when the shoulders fixed at 90°

Question 8

External(lateral) rotation

Answer 8

Rotation in the transverse plane away from the midline of the body

Question 9

Rotation (left or right)

Answer 9

Right or left rotation in the transverse plane, usually used to describe neck and trunk movement

Question 10

Elevation

Answer 10

Movement of the scapula superiorly in the frontal plane

Question 11

Depression

Answer 11

Movement of the scapula inferiorly in the frontal plane

Question 12

Retraction

Answer 12

Movement of the scapula toward the spine in the frontal plane

Question 13

Upward rotation

Answer 13

Superior and lateral movement of the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane

Question 14

Downward rotation

Answer 14

Inferior and medial movement of the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane

Question 15

Circumduction

Answer 15

A compound circular movement involving flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, circumscribing a cone shape

Question 16

Radial deviation

Answer 16

Abduction of the wrist in the frontal plane

Question 17

Ulnar deviation

Answer 17

Adduction of the wrist in the frontal plane

Question 18

Opposition

Answer 18

Diagonal movement of thumb across the Palmar surface of the hand to make contact with the fifth digit

Question 19

Eversion

Answer 19

Abducting the ankle

Question 20

Inversion

Answer 20

Adducting The ankle

Question 21

Dorsiflexion

Answer 21

Flexing the ankle so that the foot moves anteriorly in the sagittal plane

Question 22

Plantarflexion

Answer 22

Extending the ankle so that the foot moose posteriorly in the sagittal plane

Question 23

Pronation (foot/ankle)

Answer 23

Combined movements of abduction and eversion resulting in lowering of the medial margin of the foot

Question 24

Supination (foot/ankle)

Answer 24

Combined movements of adduction and inversion resulting in raising of the medial margin of the foot

Question 25

Protraction

Answer 25

Movement of the scapula away from the spine in the frontal plane

Question 26

Flexion

Answer 26

Movement resulting in a decrease of the joint angle, usually moving anteriorly in the sagittal plane