Joint Disease Flashcards
What is the etiology of CCLD in dogs
99% progression from early partial to acute complete
1% traumatic complete tear
What is the progression of CCLD clinical findings
1) Lameness
2) Hyperextension pain
3) Joint effusion
4) Positive Sit-Test
5) Buttress
6) Thrust
7) Drawer
8) Meniscal click
What are the radiographic signs of CCLD
1) Joint effusion that displaces the fat pad
2) Secondary osteoarthritis (distal patella, proximal tibia, fabellae, caudal tibial)
3) Cranial tibial displacement
What is the normal tibial plateau angle
25 degrees - should be a downhill force
eliminates stifle instability by reducing the tibial plateau angle to about 6 degrees
TPLO
T/F: TPLO makes the CCL obsolete
True
Why does a TPLO require internal fixation
because it is an osteotomy
What tibial plateau angle does a TPLO make
6 degrees
What factors influence your decision to do surgery for CCLD
-Age
-Lamenes
-Activity level
-Quality of life
-Comorbidities
-Size
-Owner
What are the 4 factors that contribute to elbow dysplasia
1) Coronoid disease (FCP)
2) Ununited anconeal process (UAP)
3) Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD)
4) Incongruity
Dogs with CCLD have pain on
hyperextension
What meniscus gets injured with CCLD
Medial meniscus
How long is the CCLD recovery
3 months
What are regenerative medicine options for cruciate disease
stem cells, PRP
early studies and case dpendent
no study has shown to regrow cartilage in an arthritic joint
The larger the dog, the worse they respond to
medical management alone
biologic, cell-based therapy to replace damaged connective tissues
regenerative medicine
T/F: TPLO has a higher overall success outcome than nonsurgical (rehab, weight control, NSAID for 12 weeks)
True
What is a common complication of coaptation with orthotics
skin sores
T/F: stifle orthotics is worth it
False - not as good as other orthotics
How do you visualize coronoid disease
very difficult on radiographs but it is possible but unusual
most do scope
What is the typical gait with bilateral coronoid disease
-short strided
-decreased elbow ROM
difficult to ID for owner’s/vets because bilateral and symmetric
How do you diagnose coronoid disease
-PE
-Rads (50-70% accuracy)
-CT : good for osseous evaluation and incongruity
-Arthroscopy: good for cartilage evaluation and incongruity
What will you see on physical exam of a dog with coronoid disease
-abnormal stance
-pain on palpation (hyperflexion, extension, and medial compartment pressure/palpation)
-Crepitus, reduced ROM and swelling in older arthritic patient
Test for elbow luxation and coronoid disease
where you have the elbow and carpus at 90 degrees
supinate and pronate
Campbell’s test
