Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal > Joint and muscles > Flashcards

Joint and muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is a joint

A

Where 2 or more bones meet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of joints

A

They facilitate growth, hold bones together, transmit forces and enable various levels of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 classifications of joints by movement

A

Synarthroses, amphiarthroses and diarthroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 classifications by soft tissue

A

Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are synarthroses

A

Immovable/fixed joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are amphiarthroses

A

Joints with limited movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are diarthroses

A

Variety of moveable joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are fibrous joints

A

Virtually no movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are cartilaginous joints

A

Limited or no movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are synovial joints

A

A variety of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are sutures

A

A type of fibrous joints with thick connective tissues composed mainly of type 1 collagen fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are gomphoses

A

Type of fibrous joint. Collagen fibres in the periodontal ligament secure teeth into bone of the tooth socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are syndesmoses

A

Type of fibrous joint. Fibrous membrane between adjacent bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are synchondroses

A

Primary cartilaginous joint with hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are symphyses

A

Secondary cartilaginous joint with hyaline and fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are diarthroses

A

They are fibrous capsules filled with synovial fluid. They enable movement are frictionless and load bearing

17
Q

What is the synovial membrane

A

A collagenous tissue that lines the fibrous capsule and secretes synovial fluid

18
Q

What is the meniscus

A

Found in weightbearing joints and those with rotatory movement. It is fibrocartilaginous so cushions and facilitates smooth articulation

19
Q

What are ligaments

A

They are dense bands of fibrous connective tissue and collagen. They restrict movement, protecting the joint from damage

20
Q

What are bursae

A

They are closed sacs lined with synovial membrane, lubricated with fluid

21
Q

Where are bursae found

A

Where friction occurs

22
Q

What are synovial sheaths

A

They are specialised bursae that surround tendons where they are subject to pressure

23
Q

What is synovial fluid

A

Highly lubricating fluid that reduces friction between the articular surfaces. The alignment of glycoprotein molecules changes with exercise. Exercise decreases viscosity so that lubrication improves

24
Q

Factors influencing synovial joint stability

A

Articular surfaces - larger the surface and deeper the socket, provides stability
Ligaments - prevent undesirable movement
Muscle tone - the tone of muscles whose tendons cross the joint provides stability

25
Q

What is a condyloid joint

A

Synovial. Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction

26
Q

What is a gliding joint

A

Movement on single plane

27
Q

What is a hinge joint

A

Flexion and extension only

28
Q

What is a ball and socket joint

A

Movement in several axes

29
Q

What is a saddle joint

A

Concave/convex surfaces, movement in 2 axes at right angles to each other

30
Q

What is a pivot joint

A

Movement in 1 axis - rotation

31
Q

What is osteoarthritis

A

A degenerative disease in weightbearing joints. Reduction in quality of articular cartilage. Bony nodules called osteophytes form

32
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis

A

An automimmune disease. Changes in synovium lead to destruction of articular cartilage

33
Q

What is fascia

A

A thin casing of connective tissue that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessel, bone, nerve fiber and muscle in place

34
Q

What are the 3 functional groups of muscles

A

Agonist, synergist and antagonist

35
Q

What is an agonist

A

The prime mover

36
Q

What is a synergist

A

Additional force/prevent undesirable actions

37
Q

What is an antagonist

A

Opposes the movement

Musculoskeletal (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions