johnson Flashcards
what is marasmus malnutrition
starvation-associated
what is kwashiorkor malnutrition
protein malnutrition
IBW
2.3(inches over 60) + 45.5 if woman, 50 if man
degrees of malnutrition and % weight loss
<5%: small degree of malnutrition
5-10%: potentially significant degree of malnutrition
>10%: definitely significant degree of malnutrition
Healthy BMI
19-24.9
BMI malnutrition
17-19 is mild
16-17 is moderate
<16 is severe
BMI percentiles children
<5th percentile: underweight
5-84th percentile: healthy
85-94th percentile: overweight
>95th percentile: obese
waist circumference
> 35 women
40 men
is increased risk for obesity-related complications
laboratory assessments for nutritional status
albumin, transferrin, prealbumin (transthyretin), c-reactive protein, total lymphocyte count, delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity testing
albumin half life
18-20 days
albumin is increased by __
dehydration, steroids, insulin, infection
albumin is decreased by ___
edema, renal dysfunction, nephrotic syndrome, diet, burns, HF, cirrhosis, trauma, sepsis
transferrin half life
8-9 days
transferrin is increased by ___
iron deficiency, pregnancy, hypoxia, estrogen
transferrin is decreased by __
infection, cirrhosis, burn, cortisone, testosterone
prealbumin half life
2-3 days
prealbumin is increased by
renal dysfunction
prealbumin is decreased by ____
cirrhosis, hepatitis, stress, surgery, inflammation, CF, burs, Zn deficiency
fluid needs adult
30-40 ml/kg/day
fluid needs children <10 kg
100 ml/kg/day
fluid needs children >10 kg
1000 ml
+
50 ml/kg/day for each kg btwn 11-20
+
20 ml/kg for each kg >20
what increases fluid needs
fever, vomiting, ostomy/fistula drainage, diarrhea, glycosuria, heat, hyperventilation, sweating
what decreases fluid needs
heart failure, renal failure, SIADH
what is the protein requirement for normal healthy adult
0.8
what is the protein requirement for adult over 60
1.5
what is the protein requirement for pregnant/lactating
1.1
caloric needs: normal healthy
20-25 kcal/kg
caloric needs: illness, BMI<30
25-30
caloric needs: illness, BMI>30
11-14 or 22-25 kcal/kg IBW/day
caloric needs: major burn
25+40 kcal/ %TBSA burned
protein requirement: burns
3 g/kg
protein requirement: liver failure
0.5-1.5 g/kg
protein requirement critically ill
1.2-1.4
BMI 30-40 is 2 g/kg IBW
BMI>40 is 2.5 g/kg IBW
