John Donne - Sea Travel + discovery & medicine Flashcards
Age of Discovery dates
early 1400s to 1600s
Outline of what was happening in the age of discovery
- flurry of European ships travelling world searching for new trade routes and links
- burgeoning of capitalism, national pride, growth of the empire
What was did the age of discovery mark under E’s reign but not J’s?
birth and growth of Capitalism, particularly under Elizabeth I, but less so under James I as he reinforced feudalistic rule.
Two examples of privateers
francis drake
walter raleigh
Life at sea in the 16th and 17th centuries?
- unpredictable weather
- quality of food would deteriorate as journey went on
- no fresh food so scurvy was common
- cramped conditions, sickness, poor pay
What happened in 1587?
Drake led the raid on Cadiz. The damaged they caused to the Spanish ships pushed the armada back a year. This battle was a great source of pride for Britain.
When was the battle of Cadiz?
1587
When did the English win the Spanish Armada?
1588
Which colony did Raleigh establish? What was his relationship with E and J?
‘Virginia’ after the virgin Queen Elizabeth. He was a favorite of Elizabeth but was arrested and executed for treason by James 1
Name a voyage of Donne and two poems that this yielded?
Expedition to the Azores under the leadership of the Earl of Essex supposedly influence his poems ‘the Storm’ and ‘The Calm’
What did Donne do in 1596?
He joined the Earl of Essex’s expedition to Cadiz.
What was going on with medicine in The Renaissance?
Scientists and doctors began to stray from traditional practices of medicine and conducting their own experiments.
This new wave of thinking was inspired by humanism which glorified unlimited human potential.
It meant people questioned the world of medicine - this was also encouraged as diseases spread and pandemics occurred.
What did Ambroise Pare discover and what date
a way of cauterising and treating wounds
1536
What did William Harvey discovery
concept of blood circulation
1628
When was the printing press invented?
1476
What happened as trade increased?
transported disease and infection causing it to rise to a global level
Example of some herbs brought back from Middle East/Asia to Europe for medicine
quinine to treat malaria
When was The Plague and what did they think it (disease in general) meant?
What did this then cause to happen?
1346-1353
disease came as punishment from god and it was inevitable because it was sent from a divine power
The public became more pessimistic about their relationship with god and as scientific discovery progressed a greater separation with the church was created (because more science to back stuff up so less belief in god I think??)
Two weird treatments for illnesses!
- coating victim in mercury and placing them in oven
- victim to carry lucky charm such as a rabbits foot
What were the four humours and their corresponding temperaments?
black bile - melancholy (analytical, deep thinkers)
yellow bile - phlegmatic (no fear of rejection)
phlegm - sanguine (social person)
blood - chloeric (goal orientated, extroverted)
Who first introduced the idea of the four humours?
Hippocrates
