Jj Flashcards
What is Encryption?
Converts data into secret code to keep it private; only authorized users can decrypt.
What is Decryption?
Reverses encryption to reveal the original message (plaintext).
What is Symmetric Key Encryption?
Same key is used to encrypt and decrypt (e.g., Caesar cipher).
What is Asymmetric / Public Key Encryption?
Uses a public key to encrypt and a private key to decrypt; more secure (e.g., Alice & Bob).
What does Computationally Hard mean?
A problem that takes an unreasonable amount of time to solve - can’t be cracked easily.
What is Phishing?
Tricking people into giving up private info (like passwords) through fake messages.
What is Keylogging?
Software that records every key you press to steal sensitive information.
What is Malware?
Malicious software that damages or controls your system (e.g., viruses, spyware).
What is a Rogue Access Point?
A fake Wi-Fi hotspot used to gain unauthorized access to a secure network.
What is a Spoofing Attack?
Faking an identity (like a trusted email) to trick the user.
What is Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)?
Requires 2+ types of evidence to log in: something you know, have, or are.
What is a Certificate Authority (CA)?
Trusted org that issues SSL certificates to prove a site is secure (shows [lock icon] icon in browser).
What is Personally Identifiable Information (PII)?
Any data that can identify you (name, address, SSN, etc.).
What is Computing Innovation?
A new tool or process that relies on computer code (like smartphones, AI, streaming).
What are Legal and Ethical Concerns?
Arise when technology harms people, invades privacy, or reinforces bias.
What are Cookies?
Small files websites store on your device to remember you and your preferences.
What is Geolocation?
Technology (like GPS or IP address) used to track the location of devices.
What is a DDoS attack?
A DDoS attack is when many computers flood a website or online service with too much traffic at once, causing it to slow down or crash so that real users can’t access it.
What is ransomware?
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that locks or encrypts your files and demands payment (a ransom) to unlock them.
What is One-Factor Authentication (1FA)?
Using just one way to prove your identity when logging in — usually a password.
What is Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)?
Using two ways to prove your identity — typically a password plus something else, like a code sent to your phone.
What is Three-Factor Authentication (3FA)?
Using three ways to prove who you are — usually: 1. Something you know (password), 2. Something you have (phone or card), and 3. Something you are (fingerprint or face scan).
