Jj Flashcards
What are solutes that conduct electricity in solution called?
Electrolytes
Electrolytes dissociate into ions in solution, allowing for electrical conductivity.
What is the main reason why pure water is a poor conductor of electricity?
It has a very low percentage of dissociation
Pure water contains very few free ions, which are necessary for conductivity.
What type of substance does not provide ions to a solution when dissolved?
Non-electrolytes
Non-electrolytes remain as neutral molecules in solution, lacking the ability to conduct electricity.
Fill in the blank: A solution of _______ does not conduct electric current because it does not release ions.
sugar
Sugar molecules remain intact and do not dissociate into charged particles.
What happens to the conductivity of a solution when an electrolyte is dissolved in it?
The conductivity increases
Electrolytes dissociate into ions, which are responsible for conducting electricity.
What was observed when the lamp was connected to a solution of NaCl?
The lamp lit up intensely
This indicates that NaCl dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions in solution, enabling high conductivity.
True or False: Ethanol is a strong conductor of electricity.
False
Ethanol lacks free ions and is therefore a poor conductor.
What is the reason for the poor solubility of barium sulfate in water?
High energy of binding between Ba2+ and SO4^2-
The strong ionic bonds make it difficult for the compound to dissociate in water.
What type of mixture is formed when water and chloroform are combined?
Heterogeneous mixture
Water and chloroform have very different polarities and do not mix well.
What is the relationship between molecular structure and the properties of solids, liquids, and solutions?
Molecular arrangement and intermolecular forces
The arrangement of molecules and the strength of their interactions dictate their physical properties.
Fill in the blank: In solids, molecules are _______ compared to liquids.
more ordered
This ordered arrangement leads to stronger intermolecular forces.
What can influence properties like boiling point and melting point in solutions?
Nature of molecular interactions
The interactions between solute and solvent molecules affect these thermal properties.
What occurs when a polar solute is mixed with a polar solvent?
Homogeneous mixture forms
Polar solutes and solvents tend to dissolve well due to similar intermolecular forces.
What happens to iodine when dissolved in ethanol compared to water?
It becomes more soluble in ethanol
Iodine is non-polar and dissolves better in non-polar solvents like ethanol than in polar solvents like water.
What type of bond is formed between sodium and chlorine in NaCl?
Ionic bond
Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons, creating charged ions that attract each other.
