JFZ2: Lesson 1 - Existence Verbs

Question 1

always

Answer 1

itsumo

Question 2

dog house

Answer 2

inugoya

Question 3

one’s home or house

Answer 3

uchi

Question 4

bedroom; room

Answer 4

heya

Question 5

ball (also a common cat name)

Answer 5

tama

Question 6

park

Answer 6

kouen

Question 7

police; police station

Answer 7

keisatsu

Question 8

McDonald’s

Answer 8

makku (abbreviation)

Question 9

every day

Answer 9

mainichi

Question 10

every week

Answer 10

maishuu

Question 11

every month

Answer 11

maitsuki

Question 12

every year

Answer 12

maitoshi

Question 13

to be; to have (animate)

Answer 13

iru

Question 14

to be; to have (inanimate)

Answer 14

aru

Question 15

• the A-form of verbs is used to make the polite verb form.
• we simply add a verb ending to the i-form

Answer 15

A: i

Question 16

• oyogu (to swim) – the final hiragana is “gu” which is converted to “A” to make “B”

Answer 16

A: gi; B: oyogi

Question 17

Oyogu conjugation

• A (I will swim)
• B (I swam)
• C (I won’t/don’t swim)
• D (I didn’t swim)

Answer 17

A: oyogimasu; B: oyogimashita; C: oyogimasen deshita; D: oyogimasen deshita

Question 18

• verbs that don’t end with “ru” for their dictionary form is a A verb.
• ALL other types end in “ru” – for example: B (to come) is an IRREGULAR verb and has special conjugation rules.

Answer 18

A: regular; B: kuru

Question 19

• iru/eru verbs end in “ru” and the last 2 hiragana syllables of the verb dictionary form rhyme with “iru” or “eru”
• to conjugate the iru/eru verbs into the polite form, all you do is drop the “ru” and add a verb ending (no hiragana form changes required)

Answer 19

.

Question 20

• example: “iru” (to be) is an iru/eru verb bc its last 2 syllables rhyme with “iru”
• coincidentally, this verb not only rhyms with “iru” but it IS “iru”!
• to conjugate it, drop the “ru” and then add a verb ending.

Answer 20

.

Question 21

iru conjugation

• A (is there)
• B (was there)
• C (isn’t there)
• D (wasn’t there)

Answer 21

A: imasu; B: imashita; C: imasen; D: imasen deshita

Question 22

I wasn’t there last week

Answer 22

senshuu imasen deshita

Question 23

I will be there at one o’clock

Answer 23

ichi ji imasu

Question 24

• taberu is also an iru/eru verb

- the last 2 hiragana are “beru” which rhymes with “eru”

Answer 24

.

Question 25

tabemasu conjugation

• A (will eat)
• B (did eat)
• C (won’t eat)
• D (didn’t eat)

Answer 25

A: tabemasu; B: tabemashita; C: tabemasen; D: tabemasen deshita

Question 26

Regular Verbs

• ANY dictionary form NOT ending in “ru” is a regular verb
• however, there are SOME verbs that end in “ru” that are also regular

Answer 26

.

Question 27

Regular Verb Polite Conjugation

- the last hiragana is changed to the A and a verb ending added

Answer 27

A: i-form – ex: iku -> ikimasu; wakaru -> wakarimasu

Question 28

iru/eru Verbs Polite Conjugation

- the A is dropped from the end and a verb ending is added

Answer 28

A: ru – ex: iru -> imasu; taberu -> tabemasu