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Core 1 20B > Jeromes Flash Cards > Flashcards

Jeromes Flash Cards

1
Q

ELECTO MAGNETIC RADIATION IS…

A

SYNCHRONIZED OSCILLATIONS (SINUSOIDAL WAVES) OR ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS THAT PROPAGATE THROUGH A VACUUM AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT

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2
Q

WAVELENGTH IS…

A

THE PHYSICAL DISTANCE OF ONE COMPLETE WAVE

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3
Q

FREQUENCY IS…

A

THE NUMBER OF CYCLES THAT THE RF ENERGY COMPLETES PER SECOND

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4
Q

PHASE DIFFERENCES ARE…

A

THE DEGREE TO WHICH INDIVIDUAL CYCLES OF A WAVE COINCIDE WITH THOSE OF A REFERENCE WAVE OF THE SAME FREQUENCY

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5
Q

RADAR POLARIZATION

A

THE ORIENTATION OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD

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6
Q

RADAR BEAM-WIDTH IS…

A

THE ANGULAR SIZE OF THE MAIN-BEAM, NORMALLY EXPRESSED IN DEGREES

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7
Q

NAME THE 7 TYPES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN ORDER OF DECREASING WAVELENGTH

A
  1. EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY WAVES
  2. RADIO WAVES
  3. MICROWAVES
  4. INFRARED RADIATION
  5. VISIBLE LIGHT
  6. ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
  7. X-RAYS AND GAMMA RAYS
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8
Q

HOW IS FREQUENCY MEASURED?

A

HZ

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9
Q

LIST THE 4 ASPECTS OF A RADARS PERFORMANCE IMPACTED BY ITS OPERATING FREQUENCY

A
  1. ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
  2. PHYSICAL SIZE
  3. TRANSMITTED POWER
  4. DOPPLER CONSIDERATIONS
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10
Q

LIST THE FOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF LOWER FREQUENCY RADARS

A
  1. LONG WAVELENGTHS
  2. TRANSMITS HIGH POWER
  3. LOW ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
  4. BEST FOR LONG RANGE EW RADARS
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11
Q

LIST THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDIUM FREQUENCY RADARS

A
  1. SHORTER WAVELENGTHS
  2. LESS DETECTION RANGE
  3. SOME ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
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12
Q

LIST THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGHER FREQUENCY RADARS

A
  1. SMALL ANTENNAS
  2. SHORTER WAVELENGTHS
  3. SOME ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
  4. HIGH PRECISION
  5. USED FOR FIRE CONTROL RADARS SURFACE TO AIR MISSILES AND ADA
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13
Q

THE STRENGTH OF A RADAR SIGNAL HITING A TARGET IS APPROXIMATELY PROPORTIONAL TO WHAT PARAMETER?

A

1/(RANGE TO TARGET)^2

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14
Q

FOR A FIXED ANTENNA SIZE, A RADAR OPERATING AT A HIGHER FREQUENCY THAN ANOTHER [RADAR] THE BEAM-WIDTH WILL BE:

A

NARROWER

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15
Q

FOR A FIXED OPERATING FREQUENCY THE RADAR WITH THE __________ ANTENNA WILL HAVE THE NARROWER BEAMWIDTH

A

LARGER

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16
Q

T/F: ANGULAR RESOLUTION IS A FUNCTION OF BEAM-WIDTH AND RANGE TO THE TARGETS

A

TRUE

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17
Q

LIST THE TWO FUNDAMENTAL WAYS AN ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED ARRAY DIFFERS FROM A MECHANICALLY SCANNED ARRAY

A
  1. THE ANTENNA IS MOUNTED IN A FIXED POSITION
  2. THE RADAR BEAM IS STEERED BY INDIVIDUALLY CONTROLLING THE PHASE OF THE RADIO WAVES TRANSMITTED AND RECEIVED BY EACH RADIATING ELEMENT
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18
Q

LIST THE ADVANTAGES COMMON TO PASSIVE AND ACTIVE ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED RADARS

A
  1. HIGH RELIABILITY
  2. EXTREME BEAM AGILITY
  3. FACILITATE RADAR CROSS SECTION REDUCTION
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19
Q

DEFINE RADAR RANGE RESOLUTION

A

A RADARS ABILITY TO RESOLVE MULTIPLE TARGETS IN RANGE

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20
Q

RANGE RESOLUTION IS BASED ON WHAT PARAMETER?

A

PULSE WIDTH (T)

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21
Q

DEFINE RADAR RESOLUTION CELL

A

THE SMALLEST AMOUNT OF THREE DIMENSIONAL SPACE IN WHICH A RADAR CANNOT DISTINGUISH BETWEEN MULTIPLE TARGETS

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22
Q

PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY IS…

A

THE RATE AT WHICH PULSES ARE TRANSMITTED

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23
Q

LIST THE THREE ADVANTAGES OF PULSED RADAR

A
  1. ONLY ONE ANTENNA IS REQUIRED
  2. GOOD RANGE ACCURACY
  3. SIMPLE ELECTRONICS
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24
Q

LIST THE 3 DISADVANTAGES OF PULSED RADARS

A
  1. LOWER AVERAGE POWER OUTPUT LIMITS DETECTION RANGE
  2. CANNOT FILTER OUT GROUND CLUTTER WITHOUT INCREASED PROCESSING
  3. NOT VERY ACCURATE VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS
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25
Q

LIST THE FIVE ADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS WAVE/DOPPLER RADARS

A
  1. SIMPLE
  2. GOOD AGAINST HIGH ASPECT ANGLE TARGETS
  3. VERY ACCURATE VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS
  4. HIGH AVERAGE OUTPUT POWER INCREASES DETECTION RANGE
  5. CAN FILTER OUT GROUND CLUTTER
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26
Q

LIST THE 4 DISADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS WAVE/DOPPLER RADARS

A
  1. NO RANGE INFORMATION
  2. POOR AGAINST BEAM AND STERN TARGETS
  3. TWO ANTENNAS REQUIRED
  4. SUSCEPTIBLE TO DOPPLER NOTCH
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27
Q

LIST THE THREE ADVANTAGES OF PULSE-DOPPLER RADARS

A
  1. FILTERS OUT GROUND CLUTTER
  2. HIGH OUTPUT POWER
  3. ONLY ONE ANTENNA REQUIRED
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28
Q

LIST THE 3 DISADVANTAGES OF PULSE-DOPPLER RADARS

A
  1. COMPLICATED ELECTRONICS
  2. SUSCEPTIBLE TO DOPPLER NOTCH
  3. RANGE MEASUREMENT DIFFICULT WITH A HIGH PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY PULSE-DOPPLER RADAR
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29
Q

ALL OBJECTS ABOVE _______ TEMPERATURE EMIT IR RADIATION

A

0 K OR -273 C

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30
Q

WHAT ARE THE FOUR BASIC IR RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS?

A
  1. ALL OBJECTS ABOVE ABSOLUTE ZERO EMIT IR RADIATION
  2. IR RADIATION BEHAVES SIMILARLY TO LIGHT
  3. TRAVELS IN A STRAIGHT LINE AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT WHICH IS CONSTANT
  4. CAN BE GATHERED, FOCUSED AND CONVERTED TO ELECTRICAL SIGNAL
31
Q

A BLACKBODY IS…

A

AN IDEALIZED PHYSICAL BODY THAT ABSORBS ALL EM RADIATION, REFLECTS NONE AND EMITS ENERGY WITH PERFECT EFFICIENCY

32
Q

EMISSIVITY IS…

A

THE RATIO OF RADIANT EXITANCE OF A GIVEN OBJECT AND A THEORETICAL BLACKBODY AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE

33
Q

RADIANT FLUX IS…

A

RATE AT WHICH PHOTONS STRIKE A SURFACE, MEASURED IN WATTS (AMOUNT OF ENERGY DELIVERED PER UNIT OF TIME)

34
Q

RADIANT INTENSITY IS…

A

RADIANT POWER FROM A POINT SOURCE (W/SR)

35
Q

RADIANT EXITANCE (M) IS…

A

THE RATE AT WHICH RADIATION IS EMITTED FROM A UNIT AREA (W/M^2)

SURFACE EXITANCE IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE FOURTH POWER OF THE ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURE OF THE SURFACE

36
Q

RADIANCE (L) IS…

A

TOTAL EMISSION OR REFLECTION W/[(M^2)*S]

37
Q

LUMINOUS FLUX IS…

A

RADIANT POWER, WHICH IS PERCEIVED AS LIGHT BY THE HUMAN EYE

38
Q

IDENTIFY THE THREE FORMS OF INTERACTION THAT CAN TAKE PLACE WHEN ENERGY STRIKES OR IS INCIDENT UPON A SURFACE AREA

A
  1. ABSORPTION
  2. REFLECTION
  3. TRANSMISSION
39
Q

EXITANCE (M) IS

A

A MEASURE OF THE AMOUNT OF POWER OR ENERGY THE OBJECT IS RADIATING

40
Q

WHAT LAW STATES THAT HOTTER OBJECTS EMIT MORE TOTAL ENERGY PER UNIT AREA THAN COLDER OBJECTS?

A

STEFAN-BLOTZMANN LAW

41
Q

LIST THE FIVE FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF ATTENUATION FOR A RADIANT SOURCE AS THE IR RADIATION TRAVELS THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE

A
  1. WAVELENGTH
  2. VISIBILITY
  3. HUMIDITY
  4. RANGE TO THE SENSOR
  5. WEATHER
42
Q

WHAT IS AN ATMOSPHERIC WINDOW?

A

PORTION OF THE EM SPECTRUM WHERE SPECIFIC BANDS OF EM ENERGY CAN FREELY PASS

43
Q

THE OBJECTS TEMPERATURE DICTATES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ______ RADIATION. AS TEMPERATURE INCREASES THE RADIANT INTENSITY _________ AND SHIFTS TO _______WAVELENGTHS AND __________ FREQUENCIES.

A
  1. IR
  2. INCREASES
  3. SHORTER
  4. HIGHER
44
Q

THE PORTION OF THE EM SPECTRUM THAT INCLUDES RADIATION FROM UV THROUGH VISIBLE LIGHT IS KNOWN AS THE _________ BAND

A

OPTICAL

45
Q

IN THE VISIBLE PORTION OF THE OPTICAL BAND THE WAVELENGTHS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH:

A

THE PARTICULAR COLORS WE SEE

46
Q

NAME THE THREE REGIONS OF IR ENERGY

A
  1. NEAR
  2. MID
  3. FAR
47
Q

DEFINE NEAR IR ENERGY

A

SOLAR REFLECTIONS, VERY HOT OBJECTS

48
Q

DEFINE MID IR ENERGY

A

MANMADE EMISSIONS, SOLAR REFLECTIONS

49
Q

DEFINE FAR IR ENERGY

A

NATURAL BACKGROUND EMISSIONS, MANMADE EMISSIONS

50
Q

DEFINE REFLECTED IR ENERGY

A

USED FOR REMOTE SENSING PURPOSES IN WAYS VERY SIMILAR TO RADIATION IN THE VISIBLE LIGHT PORTION

51
Q

DEFINE THERMAL IR RADIATION

A

THE RADIATION THAT IS EMITTED FROM AN OBJECT IN THE FORM OF HEAT

52
Q

WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVE OF LOW OBSERVABLE DESIGN IN STEALTH AIRCRAFT?

A

TO INCREASE SURVIVABILITY BY REDUCING THE PROBABILITY OF DETECTION AND EXPOSURE TO ENGAGEMENT BY THREAT SYSTEM

53
Q

WHAT CONSTITUTES AN AIRCRAFTS ACTIVE SIGNATURE?

A

ALL THE OBSERVABLE EMISSIONS FROM AN AIRCRAFT

54
Q

WHAT CONSTITUTES AN AIRCRAFTS PASSIVE SIGNATURE?

A

ALL THE OBSERVABLE SIGNALS FROM AN AIRCRAFT RESULTING FROM EXTERNAL ILLUMINATION (REFLECTION)

55
Q

NAME THE TWO SOURCES CONTRIBUTING TO AN AIRCRAFTS PASSIVE SIGNATURE

A
  1. ELECTRO-OPTICAL/VISUAL

2. ELECTROMAGNETIC

56
Q

NAME THE FIVE SOURCES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO AN AIRCRAFTS ACTIVE SIGNATURE

A
  1. COMMUNICATIONS
  2. NAVIGATION
  3. RADAR
  4. ENGINE/PROPELLER NOISE
  5. INFRARED
57
Q

LIST THE FOUR LPI METHODS

A
  1. POWER MANAGEMENT
  2. MAXIMUM FREQUENCY BANDWIDTH
  3. EMISSION TIME CONTROL
  4. SIGNAL DIRECTIONALITY
58
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST CRITICAL SIGNATURE FOR MOST AIRCRAFT? INFRARED OR RADAR? HMM? WHATCHA THINK?

A

ITS RADAR BITCH.

59
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT FORM OF RADAR REFLECTION?

A

SPECULAR REFLECTIONS

60
Q

LIST THE FOUR BASIC METHODS TO MAKE AN AIRCRAFT STEALTHY

A
  1. SHAPING
  2. ABSORPTION
  3. CANCELLATION
  4. TRANSPARENCIES
61
Q

DEFINE SHAPING

A

REFLECTING RADAR ENERGY INTO ANY DIRECTION OTHER THAN BACK TO THE RADAR SITE

62
Q

DEFINE ABSORPTION

A

UTILIZE RADAR ABSORBENT MATERIAL TO TURN RADAR ENERGY INTO HEAT

63
Q

DEFINE CANCELLATION

A

ACTIVELY OR PASSIVELY REFLECTED RADAR WAVES ADD TOGETHER TO CANCEL EACH OTHER OUT

64
Q

DEFINE TRANSPARENCIES

A

ALLOW RADAR ENERGY TO PASS THROUGH THE MATERIAL WITH MINIMAL REDUCTION IN ENERGY OR CHANGE IN WAVE CHARACTERISTICS.

65
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THE FOUR BASIC METHODS OF AIRCRAFT RADAR STEALTH

A

SHAPING

66
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF SHAPING TECHNIQUES?

A
  1. FACETED SHAPING
  2. PLANFORM SHAPING
  3. COMPOUND CURVE
67
Q

DEFINE FACETED SHAPING

A

ORIENT FLAT SURFACES TO DEFLECT RADAR ENERGY AWAY FROM THE THREAT RADAR

68
Q

DEFINE PLANFORM ALIGNMENT

A

RETURN A RADAR SIGNAL IN A VERY SPECIFIC DIRECTION AWAY FROM THE RADAR EMITTER

69
Q

DEFINE COMPOUND CURVE

A

REPLACE STRAIGHT EDGES WITH CURVED EDGES TO REFLECT LESS RADAR ENERGY TOWARDS THE THREAT RADAR

70
Q

LIST THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF E-RAM

A
  1. NARROWBAND, THICK AND LIGHT
71
Q

LIST THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF MAGRAM

A

BROADBAND, THIN AND HEAVY

72
Q

LIST THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF RAS

A

BROADBAND THICK AND LIGHT

73
Q

LIST THE FIVE SYSTEMS THAT MAY BE USED TO COUNTER THE LOW RADAR CROSS SECTION ADVANTAGE OF STEALTH AIRCRAFT

A
  1. LOW FREQUENCY RADAR
  2. BISTATIC RADAR
  3. HIGH FREQUENCY RADAR
  4. MULTISTATIC RADAR
  5. PASSIVE COHERENT LOCATION SYSTEM

Core 1 20B (5 decks)

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