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Psych Clerkship & Jeopardy > Jeopardy Substance slides > Flashcards

Jeopardy Substance slides Flashcards

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1
Q

Opioids can be detected thru a urine drug test for this many hours after administration of the opioid

A

What is 12-36 hours?

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2
Q

This type of liver disease may occur
in up to 90% of persons who
inject opioids

A

What is hepatitis C?

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3
Q

HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, and
this cardiac related condition
are serious medical problems
for IV opiate users

A

What is bacterial endocarditis?

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4
Q

This physical sign of opiate withdrawal is also “seen” in hallucinogen intoxication and stimulant intoxication

A

What is pupil dilation?

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5
Q

Opioid intoxication may be diagnosed by administering this opioid antagonist challenge

A

What is naloxone (narcan)?

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6
Q

These two symptoms are associated with more severe opiate withdrawal and are often not seen in routine clinical practice

A

What is piloerection & fever?

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7
Q

Suboxone is a combination of these two medications

A

What is naloxone (narcan) & buprenorphine?

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8
Q

Yawning, insomnia, dizziness, diarrhea
This one is not part of opiate
withdrawal

A

What is lightneadedness?

Withdrawal: dysphoria, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation/rhinorrhea, pupil dilation/piloerection, fever, sweating,

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9
Q

Signs of opioid intoxication are pupil constriction, drowsiness/coma, impaired attention or memory,
and this

A

What is slurred speech?

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10
Q

This can differentiate PCP intoxication & stimulant intoxication from each other

A

What is a urine drug test?

Clinical picture is similar though rotary nystagmus may be seen in PCP intoxication but not stimulant

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11
Q

Cocaine users often use sedative substances–most often this substance–to reduce insomnia, nervousness, and other unpleasant side effects

A

What is alcohol?

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12
Q

Amphetamine type stimulant users often use sedative substances–most often this substance–to reduce insomnia, nervousness, and other unpleasant side effects

A

What is marijuana?

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13
Q

This sign is often present and is a reliable measure of stimulant withdrawal

A

What is a bradycardia?

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14
Q

Bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, other substance use disorders, and this personality disorder in particular are risk factors for stimulant use disorder

A

What is antisocial personality disorder?

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15
Q

This type of sample can be used to detect use of a stimulant up to
90 days after the use

A

What is a hair sample

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16
Q

These two forms of cocaine administration have the most rapid onset of action

A

What is inhalation and injection?

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17
Q

A speedball is the combination of cocaine and this drug

A

What is heroin?

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18
Q

Cocaine increases the levels of glutamate and this neurotransmitter

A

What is dopamine?

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19
Q

In terms of operant conditioning, the alcohol induced buzz/high is this; also tolerance results in the lack of this

A

What is positive reinforcement?

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20
Q

In terms of operant conditioning, consuming alcohol to stave off alcohol withdrawal symptoms results in this

A

What is negative reinforcement

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21
Q

Most substance induced disorders resolve within this amount of time after the cessation of acute withdrawal, the cessation of severe intoxication, or the use of the substance.

A

What is 1 month?

Most improve within days to weeks of abstinence

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22
Q

The prevalence of alcohol use disorder in this sex is twice as much as the other

A

What is males?

Males ~12%, Females ~5%

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23
Q

For an individual who has a close relative (parent) with an alcohol use disorder, their risk is this many times higher than normal

A

What are 3-4 times?

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24
Q

Alcohol metabolizing enzyme genetic polymorphisms result in flushing, palpitations, & possibly more severe reactions in individuals of this race when they consume alcohol

A

What is Asians?

Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans are at lower risk for Alcohol Use Disorders

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25
Q

Elevations in these two lab test results are sensitive indicators of ongoing heavy drinking and can be used to monitor abstinence

A

What is gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT)?

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26
Q

While elevation of GGT, CDT, and
this test indicates a history of heavy drinking, GGT & CDT test may also be useful in detecting a relapse to heavy drinking, but this test is not

A

What is mean corpuscular volume (MCV)?

Not useful for monitoring due to long half life of RBC’s

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27
Q

The patients with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, & this personality disorder have a markedly high rate of co-morbid alcohol use disorder

A

What is Antisocial Personality Disorder?

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28
Q

Substance use disorder pts, especially those with severe disorder, have an underlying change in this which persists even beyond detoxification

A

What is brain circuitry?

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29
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Continued use despite persistent or recurring interpersonal problems

A

What is social impairment?

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30
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

A desire to cut down or unsuccessful attempts decrease or stop use refers to this Criterion A

A

What is impaired control?

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31
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Pharmacological criteria refers to “putting up” with these two phenomenon

A

What is tolerance & withdrawal?

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32
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Taking the substance in larger amounts or over a longer time period than intended refers to this Criterion A

A

What is impaired control?

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33
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Use in physically hazardous situations or continued use despite knowledge the substance is causing or worsening a medical problem is called this

A

What is risky use?

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34
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Spending a great deal of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the substance use refers to this Criterion A

A

What is impaired control?

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35
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Failure to fulfill major obligations at work, home, or school refers to this Criterion A

A

What is social impairment

36
Q

Impaired control, Social impairment,
Risky use, or Pharmacological criteria

Craving refers to this Criterion A

A

What is impaired control?

37
Q

Caffeine intoxication may induce a sleep disorder or this type of substance induced disorder

A

What is anxiety?

38
Q

Marijuana intoxication may induce anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, and this type of substance induced disorder

A

What is Psychotic disorder?

39
Q

The hallucinogen phencyclidine
may induce psychotic disorders, anxiety disorders, delirium, & this type of substance
induced disorders

A

What are mood disorders?

both bipolar & depressive

40
Q

Opioid intoxication may induce sleep disorders, sexual dysfunction, delirium, & this type of substance induced disorder

A

What is depressive disorders?

41
Q

Opioid intoxication will not, but opioid withdrawal may induce this type of substance disorder

A

What are anxiety?

42
Q

Alcohol & sedative/hypnotic intoxication may both induce the same type of substance disorders except sedative/hypnotic
intoxication will NOT induce this

A

What is anxiety?

Psychotic, Bipolar, Depressive, Sleep, Sexual Dysfunction, Delirium, Neurocognitive disorders

43
Q

Intoxication & withdrawal of stimulants such as cocaine may induce, anxiety, OCD, sleep, & this type of substance induced disorder

A

What is mood?

both bipolar & depressive

44
Q

Inhalants and this type of substance do not cause a withdrawal

A

What is hallucinogens?

45
Q

Use of a single joint can lead to a positive urine marijuana test as many as this number of days later

A

What is 4 days?

46
Q 
Use of marijuana at an early age 
may interact with those who have 
the genetic predisposition & 
promote the development of 
this serious mental illness
A

What is schizophrenia?

47
Q

The most common psychiatric adverse side effects of marijuana use is psychosis and this

A

What is anxiety/panic attacks?

48
Q

Cognitive effects of marijuana include amotivation, disorientation, unsteady coordination, altered perception, decreased consciousness and this reason for poor academic performance

A

What is memory loss?

49
Q

10, 20, 30, 40, 50

The percent of users who become dependent on marijuana is this

A

What is 10%?

50
Q

This synthetic Cannabinoid agonist is used to treat anorexia and weight loss in AIDS pts & nausea/vomiting in pts getting chemo

A

What is dronabinol (marinol)

51
Q

Marijuana’s clinical properties include:

anti-inflammatory effects anti-convulsant effects and anti- this effect

A

What is anti-emetic?

52
Q

Potentially life threatening; Significant discomfort; Mild symptoms;

This most commonly describes withdrawal from marijuana

A

What is mild symptoms?

53
Q

Marijuana use that leads to a reduction in prosocial goal directed activities that may contribute to poor school or job performance is commonly called this

A

What are amotivational syndrome?

54
Q

This non-nicotine agent is thought to increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels and mimic some of the effects of nicotine

A

What is Bupropion (Wellbutrin)?

55
Q

This smoking cessation medication is a long acting partial agonist at the α4β2NAR

A

What is varenicline (chantix)?

56
Q

This tricyclic antidepressant is not first line but a second line smoking cessation agent due to its side effect profile

A

What is nortriptyline?

57
Q

It is unusual to rare for an individual to start smoking after this age

A

What is 21?

58
Q

Nicotine withdrawal from smoking cessation usually begins within 24 hours, and peaks at this time after cessation

A

What is day 2-3?

59
Q

Nicotine withdrawal from smoking cessation usually will last this long

A

What is 2-3 weeks?

60
Q

This alpha-2 adrenergic agonist is used for treating hypertension but has shown promise for smoking cessation

A

What is clonidine?

61
Q

The most common tobacco use product is this

A

What is cigarettes?

62
Q

Disappearance of nausea and dizziness despite repeated tobacco use is an indication of this

A

What is tolerance?

63
Q

For ♀ & older adults, a social or moderate drinker is one who does not binge drink & consumes no more than this number of
drinks per day on average

A

What is one?

64
Q

These type of peptides mediate some of alcohol’s rewarding effects by enhancing the midbrain release of dopamine

A

What is opioid

65
Q

This medication inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase leading to a build up of acetaldehyde and negative reinforcement of alcohol use

A

What is disulfiram (antabuse)?

66
Q

This medication that is used in the treatment of alcohol dependence is available in a monthly depot injection

A

What is naltrexone (vivitrol)?

67
Q

These two medications are contraindicated in pts with significantly compromised liver function

A

What are disulfiram (anatbuse) and naltrexone (vivitrol)?

68
Q

This medication helps prevent relapse, has a common side effect of diarrhea, is safe in hepatic compromised pts, but is contraindicated in pts with severe renal disease

A

What is acamprosate (campral)

69
Q

Naltrexone is most effective in treating this aspect of alcohol dependence

A

What are cravings?

70
Q

Standard drug screens do not detect these drugs and usage typically declines dramatically after the teen years

A

What is inhalants?

71
Q 
The phenylalkylamines class of hallucinogens includes mescaline, DOM, and this most well 
known drug
A

What is MDMA (ecstasy, XTC)?

72
Q

First developed as a anesthetic, this drug produces feelings of separation from mind and body-dissociation

A

What is Phencylcidine (PCP)?

73
Q

MDMA, LSD, or PCP:

Continued use of this hallucinogen has been linked to neurotoxic effects

A

What is MDMA (ecstacy)?

74
Q

Any inhaled volatile hydrocarbons (glues, fuels, paints) may produce “sudden sniffing death” due to this

A

What is cardiac arrhythmia?

75
Q

Phencylclidine (PCP) can be detected in the urine up to this many days after use

A

What is 8?

76
Q

The ergoline class of hallucinogens includes this drug which often produces visual hallucinations which can be frightening to the use

A

What is lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)?

77
Q

While lab testing can detect PCP, may or may not be helpful detecting hallucinogens, lab testing is not helpful detecting this

A

What are inhalants?

78
Q

Intoxication with this drug may produce vertical or horizontal nystagmus, diminished responsiveness to pain, and violent behavior

A

What is Phencyclidine (PCP)?

79
Q

The proportion of users of this are most likely to become dependent on the substance

A

What is nicotine?

80
Q

Use of this illicit drug is most commonly involved in ER visits

A

What is cocaine?

81
Q

When sober, users of this drug(s) may re-experience geometric visual hallucinations, flashes of color, intensified colors, or misperception of objects being too large or too small

A

What are hallucinogens?

Primarily LSD

82
Q

About 50% of people who attempt to quit smoking develop withdrawal and commonly complain of irritability, difficulty concentrating, and this

A

What is anxiety?

83
Q

Over 80% of tobacco users attempt to quit, 60% relapse within 1 week, and this number succeed and do not ever relapse

A

What are 1 in 20 (5%)?

84
Q

A drink is defined as a 1 ounce shot, this 4-6 ounces of wine, or this many ounces of beer

A

What are 12?

85
Q

Psychostimulants specifically worsen this symptom of schizophrenia

A

What are hallucinations?

And paranoia

86
Q

Use of marijuana, alcohol, or this before age 15 are considered to be the three “Gateway Drugs” to later dependence problems

A

What is nicotine?

87
Q

The most common illicit drug used worldwide across all age

groups is this

A

What is marijuana?

Psych Clerkship & Jeopardy (5 decks)

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