Jeopardy questions

Question 1

The concept that the DNA code is transcribed into the RNA code which is then translated into proteins is referred to as this.

Answer 1

Central dogma of biology

Question 2

During transcription, one of the two DNA strands serves as this strand, providing the order of the complementary sequence of RNA nucleotides.

Answer 2

Template strand

Question 3

The region of the DNA sequence to which RNA polymerase attaches is called this.

Answer 3

promoter

Question 4

During this stage of transcription, RNA polymerase moves along the DNA adding RNA nucleotides to the 3’ end of the RNA polynucleotide.

Answer 4

elongation

Question 5

During this process, introns are removed and exons joined to form a continuous coding RNA sequence.

Answer 5

RNA splicing

Question 6

Translation takes place at the site of these molecules.

Answer 6

ribosomes

Question 7

During translation, the flow of gene to protein is based on a series of nonoverlapping, three nucleotide codes called this.

Answer 7

codons

Question 8

A cell translates an mRNA message into protein with the help of these which carry the amino acids

Answer 8

tRNAS

Question 9

Many ribosomes can translate a single mRNA simultaneously, forming this structure.

Answer 9

polyribosome, or polysome

Question 10

During initiation of translation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA, to tRNA carrying this amino subunit, and to the large ribosomal subunit to form the translation initiation complex

Answer 10

MET (methionine)

Question 11

This is the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis

Answer 11

gene expression

Question 12

In bacteria, this operon type is usually on, but can be turned off with a chemical corepressor.

Answer 12

repressible operon

Question 13

This process condenses chromatin, reducing transcription and causing long-term inactivation of a gene

Answer 13

DNA methylation

Question 14

Differences between cell types in multicellular organisms results from this type of gene expression

Answer 14

Differential gene expression

Question 15

These substances, which influence early embryonic development, are unevenly distributed in the unfertilized egg cell

Answer 15

cytoplasmic determinants

Question 16

This protein shell surrounds the viral nucleic acid.

Answer 16

capsid

Question 17

These viruses have a protein tail piece that attaches to the host cell and injects the viral DNA inside.

Answer 17

bacteriophages or phages

Question 18

Virulent phages reproduce via this cycle which leads to the death of the host cell.

Answer 18

lytic cycle

Question 19

The viral DNA that is integrated in a eukaryotic host cell, or this, remains a permanent part of host cell DNA.

Answer 19

provirus

Question 20

Retroviruses use this enzyme to copy their RNA genome into the host DNA strand.

Answer 20

reverse transcriptase

Question 21

DNA sequencing and cloning are valuable tools for this, the manipulation of genes.

Answer 21

genetic engineering

Question 22

To separate and visualize the DNA fragments produced by using restriction enzymes, a researcher will perform this test.

Answer 22

gel electrophoresis

Question 23

To clone DNA, researches can insert a gene into a plasmid to produce this, which contains DNA from two sources

Answer 23

recombinant DNA molecule

Question 24

A way to clone genes is through this process, which can amplify a specific sequence of DNA producing error-free copies.

Answer 24

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Question 25

These cells can perform most of the functions of embryonic stem cells and can be used to study, and possibly treat diseases like type 1 diabetes and Parkinson’s disease.

Answer 25

induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 26

State three characteristics of life that are absent in viruses.

Answer 26

1) lack cells
2) cannot reproduce on their own
3) cannot metabolize on their own