Jaundice lecture

Question 1

What is Jaundice?

Answer 1

yellowing of skin and sclera due to increase build up of bilirubin in the blood levels

Question 2

What is bilirubin?

Answer 2

normal by-product of breakdown of red blood cells

Question 3

what is the biliary tree?

Answer 3

set of tubes connecting the liver to 2nd part of duodenum

Question 4

What is bile important for?

Answer 4

normal absorption of fats from small intestine

Question 5

Pancreas secretes digestive enzymes. Why?

Answer 5

necessary for digestion of food

Question 6

Where is portal triad found?

Answer 6

free edge of lesser omentum

Question 7

3 important tubes in portal triad?

Answer 7

Hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein
Common bile duct

Question 8

Celiac trunk - what vertebral level?

Answer 8

T12

Question 9

Celiac supplies which part of the gut?

Answer 9

Foregut

Question 10

Celiac trunk bifurcates into which branches?

Answer 10

Splenic artery
Hepatic artery
Left Gastric artery

Question 11

Celiac trunk is retroperitoneal. True or False

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the hematological function of the spleen?

Answer 12

Breaks down red blood cells to produce bilirubin

Question 13

Which ribs protect the spleen?

Answer 13

9-11

Question 14

Which arteries run along lesser curvature of stomach?

Answer 14

Right and left gastric arteries

Anastomose together too

Question 15

Which arteries run along greater curvature of stomach?

Answer 15

Right and left gastro-omental arteries

Question 16

What are the blood supplies to the liver?

Answer 16

Hepatic portal vein - main 70%

Hepatic arteries - left and right

Question 17

Liver has dual blood supply. True or False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

4 lobes of liver

Answer 18

Left
Right
Caudate
Quadrate

Question 19

What does central vein do?

Answer 19

collects ‘cleaned’ blood and drains into hepatic veins

Question 20

Where is the hepatorenal recess(Morison’s pouch)

Answer 20

between back of liver and kidney

Question 21

Where is subphrenic recess?

Answer 21

between to of liver liver and diaphragm

Question 22

What is peritonitis?

Answer 22

collection of pus in the recesses causing abscess foratiom

Question 23

What does the hepatic portal vein do?

Answer 23

drain blood from all parts of the gut to the liver for first pass metabolism (cleaning)

Question 24

What does Splenic vein do?

Answer 24

drains blood from foregut to hepatic portal vein

Question 25

Inferior mesenteric vein does?

Answer 25

drains blood from hindgut to splenic vein

Question 26

superior mesenteric does?

Answer 26

drains blood from midgut to hepatic portal vein

Question 27

what does the gall bladder do?

Answer 27

stores and concentrates bile

Question 28

the neck of gall bladder is potential site for gallstone impaction. True or false?

Answer 28

True

Question 29

How does bile flow in and out of gall bladder?

Answer 29

cystic duct

Question 30

gall bladder blood supply is via?

Answer 30

cystic artery

Question 31

how does gall bladder inflammation occur?

Answer 31

irritation or impaction from gall stones

Question 32

where is visceral afferents (gallbladder)

Answer 32

T6 -T9

Question 33

gall bladder referral pain

Answer 33

right shoulder

Question 34

cholecystectomy

Answer 34

gall bladder removal