Jargon terms Flashcards
Absorbance
A measure of the capacity of a substance to absorb light to a specified wavelength.
Accurate
Refers to how close a measure value is to the true or accepted value
Aliquot
A measure sub-sample or portion of a larger sample, typically used in lab experiments.
Alleles
Different versions or variants of a gene that are located at the same position on homologous chromosomes.
Allometry
The study of the relationship of body size to shape, anatomy, and physiology, often used in biological contexts.
Amplification
The process of increasing the number of copies of a specific DNA sequence, commonly used in PCR.
Anaemia
Condition characterized by a deficiency of RBC or haemoglobin in the blood, leading to a lack of oxygen delivery to tissues.
Anode
The positively charged electrode in an electrolytic cell or battery, where oxidation occurs.
Anterior
Refers to front or forward facing part of an organism or structure.
Antibiotic
Substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria often used to treat infection.
Aseptic
Techniques used to prevent contamination by microorganism, often employed in medical or lab setting.
Aqueous
Relates to, or containing water, typically referring to solutions where water is solvent
Aspirate
To such in or draw out a liquid or sample using a vacuum suction, often during medical or lab settings.
Assay
Test or analysis performed to determine the presence, quantity, or quality of a subtance.
Blank
Sample or control used in experiments that does not contain the substance being tested for, used to calibrate or establish a baseline.
Calibrate
To standardise an instrument or measurement system to ensue accuracy
Branchial
Gills or gill arches in a fish or certain aquatic organisms
Cathode
Negatively charged electrode in an electrolytic cell or battery, where reduction occurs.
Caudal
Refers to tail or posterior end of an organism
Cloned
Refers to genetically identical organism, cell or gene that as been artificially produced from a single source
Cuvette
Small, typically rectangular container to hold samples for optical measurements such as in a spectrophotometer
Decant
To pour off a liquid, typically from a sediment or a solid, without disturbing the solid.
Dermal
Relating to skin or outer layer of an organism
Distal
Refers to a part of the body or structure that is farther away from the centre or point of attachment
Dorsal
Referring to the back or upper side of an organism or structure
Electrophoresis
Technique used to separate molecules based on size and charge by applying electric field.
Eluate
Liquid or solution that is collected after substances have been separated from solid phase during chromatography or filtration process.
Elute
To extract or remove subtances from a medium, typically by washing with solvent
Elution
Process of extracting substance from a solid phase by washing with a solvent.
Epithelium
Type of tissue that forms the lining of body surfaces, cavities, and organs, often serving as a barrier or protective layer.
Ependorf
Brand, microcentrifuge tubes used for DNA/RNA storage and processing.
Equilibration
Process of bringing a system into a state of balance or equilibrium, often referring to the stabilization of a sample or reaction.
Frontal
Front part or plane of the body often used in anatomical descriptions
Genome
Complete set of genetic material in an organism, including all of its genes
Homologous
Referring to similar structures or sequences in different species due to shared ancestry
Incubation
Process of maintaining controlled conditions to allow for growth or development of organisms or reactions.
Invert
Turn something upside down to prevent sedimentation.
Ladder
Set of known molecular weights or sizes often used as a reference in gel electrophoresis to determine the size of unknown molecules.
Lateral
The side of an organism or structure, away from the centre or midline
Ligated
Joining or binding of two molecules, often used in DNA manipulation, where DNA strands are joined using ligase enzy,e
Lysate
material resulting from the breaking open of cells containing the cells contents
Mandible
The lower jaw or an organism
Matrix
Substance or environment in which something is embedded or within which something develops, often used in reference to tissues or chemical processes.
Media
Substance or mixture used to support the growth of organisms, such as bacteria or cells in lab
Microtitre
standarized plate used in microbiology, typically containing multiple wells for high-throughput testing or experiments
Miniprep
Lab procedure used to isolate small amounts of plasmid DNA from bacterial cultures
Oligonucleotide
Short sequence of nucleotides, often used as primers in PCR or other genetic experiments
Pectoral
Chest region, or muscles or fins associated with chest area, particularly in vertebrates.
Pellet
Small, solid mass formed by centrifugation or precipitation of particles in a liquid
Pericardial
Relating to pericardium, membrane surrounding the heart
Precise
Consistency or reproducibility of measurements or results
Phenotype
Observable characteristics or traits of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype and the environment
Plasmid
Small, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other, cells, which separate from chromosomal DNA and can carry genes
Polyacrylamide
Polymer to make gels for electrophoresis often used for protein or nucleic acid separation
Polymorphism
Occurrence of different forms or variants of a gene allele or trait within a population
Posterior
Back or rear end of an organism or structure
Primer
Short strand of nucleotides used in PCR to initiate the synthesis of a complementary DNA strand
proximal
Part or the body that is closer to the centre or point of attachment
Reagant
substance of chemical used in lab, often to bring about a reaction or test for the presence of another substance
Rostral
Front or nose end of the organism
Sagittal
Plane that divides the body into left and right part
Sepharose
Type of gel used in chromatography, often for separation of protein or nucleic acids.
Squamous
Flat, scale like cells, commonly seen in epithelial tissues
Substrate
Surface or material on which enzyme acts or a biological reaction occurs
Supernatant
liquid portion of a sample that remains above the solid after centrifugation or sedimentation.
Suspension
Heterogeneous mixture in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid but not dissolved.
Terminal
End or last part of a structure or process
Transverse
Plane or direction that divides the body into upper and lower part (horizontal)
Ventral
Underside or belly of an organism
Vibrio
Genus of bacteria that are often curved or comma-shaped and can be associated with marine enviroments
Vortex
Swirling motion of a liquid or gas, often used in labs to mix liquid quickly in tube
Alimentary
Process of ingestion and digestion of food
Inoculate
Introduce micro-oganisms or cells into a culture medium, often the process of growth or experimentation.
