JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE Flashcards
CHARACTERISTICS OF JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE:
- synthesis of seminal ideas from china
- wooden structures
- elevated slightly off the ground with tiles/thatched roofs
- unique blend of tradition, innovation, and harmony
GENERAL FEATURES OF JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE:
-Made of wood
-Indigenous religious sensibility
-Adaptable to climate and -topography
-Flexible
-Open Space
SHINTO MEANS:
the way of the gods
Japan’s oldest and native religion
SHINTO
it is also called as the Shinto Temples
JINJA
open gateway, consisting of two pillars and architrave, found along the approach path to
a Shinto shrine.- the main purpose is for the enshrinement and worship of the kami
Torii gateways
building that contains the body of the goshintai (sacred body of the kami)
Honden
hall of worship of the Shinto Shrine usually in front of the honden, open to the laity
Haiden-O
a Japanese Buddhist pagoda
TO
Golden hall: where the main image of worship is kept
Kondo
the principal south gateway to a japanese buddhist temple
Nandaimon
the inner gateway
Chumon
The covered gallery surrounding a precint of a Japanese temple or shrine.
Kairo
public bathing facility, the first public house in Japan appeared around the Buddhist temples during Nara Period being related to purification
SENTO
The most famous and the oldest Shinto temple
in Japan
Ise Shrine
The most impressive of the fortified residences, it
has 6 storeys with pent roofs and curving eaves.
White Heron Castle/HIMEJI CASTLE
TRADITIONAL HOUSES AND INTERIORS
- pit houses
- elevated houses
- shinden-zuruki
- minka
farmhouse in japan
noka
townhouse in japan
machiya
SYMBOLISM OF A JAPANESE GARDEN: - mountain landscape
Hill with bushes and waterfall
SYMBOLISM OF A JAPANESE GARDEN: lake landscape
Flat garden
SYMBOLISM OF A JAPANESE GARDEN: spring
Cherry trees
SYMBOLISM OF A JAPANESE GARDEN: AUTUMN
Maple
SYMBOLISM OF A JAPANESE GARDEN: POND OR WHITE SAND
WATER
SYMBOLISM OF A JAPANESE GARDEN: ISLANDS
Rocks
a small japanese garden pavilion or room within the
house specifically designed for the tea ceremony
Cha-shitsu
are long, narrow battens that support the ceiling boards (tenjo ita). They are both structural and
decorative. they are usually aligned parallel to the side of the room where the tokonoma (decorative alcove) is
Saobuchi-
transom detail. Made of wood and carved on both sides. Placed between the ceiling and the shoji
Ranma
usually three by six feet made of lightly woven rice straw pads (1 3/4” to 2 1/2” thk) ans 15-20 lbs heavy. Covered by a finely woven mat on top edged with cloth. The size of the room is referred by the number of mats. A formal Japanese tea room is usually 4 1/2 mats.
Tatami mats
opaque sliding screen usually decorated with elegant paper or paintings, used as an interior space
Fusuma
raised area or platform withing
a room on which the tokonaman is usually located
Jodan
cabinets with sliding door
attached to the ceiling
tenbukuro
cabinets with sliding door
attached to the floor
jibukuro
sliding doors covered with thin papers posted over wood grid and frame door. Wood is
normally unfiished. Usually six feet high in set of four. It is used to divide the interior and exterior
Shoji screen
is also known as a summer reed door because it allows cool
breezes to ventilate a Japanese home. These are stored during winter and
replace the shoji and fusuma during the warmer months.
Yoshido
is a sliding lattice door frequently seen at the entrance gate of a
house. The slats keep out intruders while allowing a mix of transparency
and privacy to the residence.
Koshido
a heavy door used to lock up storerooms that kept valuable
items not on display in the main house. Due to their size and strength,
they make impressive dining tabletops
Kura
translates to plank door. These were often made using timber
from a cross section of a single tree
Itado
entryway area in japanese houses, apartments and other buildings. Located in front of the main
entrance door. Recessed into the floor creating a separtion between outside and inside
Genkan
tiled floor
Tataki
boundary between indoors and
outdoors
Agari kamachi
provided sometimes when agari kamachi
is high
Shikidai
wood floored space where slippers are laid out
The entrance hall
RELIQUARY IN JAPAN
pagodas
image hall
kondo
lecture hall
kodo
CASTLES/JAPANESE PALACES
MATSUMOTO CASTLE (CROW CASTLE)
ODAWARA CASTLE
HIMEJI CASTLE OR THE WHITE HERON CASTLE
