Japan Law

Question 1

Explain each item in the fuel plan and which ones are required by law

Answer 1

*=required
Flight Fuel*
ALTN
VRBL*
WXTFC*
FIXED*
ETP B/UP + WX*
EXTRA
TAKE OFF
TANKER
TAXI OUT
FUEL LOAD

Question 2

What is the legally required variable reserve?

Answer 2

5% (GK Exemption)

Question 3

Briefly explain PBN. What are we using today?

Answer 3

PBN stands for Performance Based Navigation. It is a method of navigation wherein specific operational requirements are prescribed for a relevant route segment or airspace. It consists of operations which do not require monitoring and alerting functions (RNAV), as well as operations that do (RNP). Today we are using: RNAV 1 for the departure and arrival and RNAV 5 for enroute navigation

Question 4

Explain the PBN abbreviations on the ATC Flight plan

Answer 4

B1 = RNAV 5 – all sensors
C1 = RNAV 2 – all sensors
D1 = RNAV 1 – all sensors
O2 = Basic RNP1 – all sensors

Question 5

“1” Indicates all authorised sensors, what is difference in required sensors?

Answer 5

There is supposed to be no performance difference.
INS/IRS = Self contained
DME/DME DME/VOR = Ground based
GNSS = Satellite based

Question 6

There are many sensors that RNAV 5 can utilise, but why is the accuracy poor?

Answer 6

It is a less restrictive PBN requirement that most equipment in the industry currently, including old aircraft, can achieve. In the future, the airspace category will change in line with more modern aircraft. Many aircraft, including ours, already conform to much higher accuracy and equipment standards.

Question 7

Prior to reaching KOHWA, what do you do if you exceed an EPU of 2.0?

Answer 7

Call atc with call “UNABLE RNAV DUE FAILURE OF RNAV SYSTEM” and request alternate routing. After flight, a captain’s report must be submitted.

Question 8

What is the difference between RNAV1 and BASIC RNP1?

Answer 8

RNAV 1 and BASIC RNP1 both have a RNP of 1. However, they differ in that RNAV 1 requires radar surveillance and BASIC RNP1 requires GNSS. As with all RNP standards, BASIC RNP1 requires the capability for on-board performance monitoring and alerting.

Question 9

Are you able to conduct RNAV 5 operations without a display of EPU or ANP?

Answer 9

Yes, RNAV5 standard is monitored by ATC

Question 10

What are the relevant items in the pre-flight inspection with regards to RVSM?

Answer 10

Static ports clear of obstructions, fuselage skin in good condition.

Question 11

What equipment is required for RVSM operations?

Answer 11

1. 2 x Independent altitude measuring system
2. 1 x Transponder
3. 1 x Altitude alert system
4. 1 x Automatic altitude control system
   Details of specific A320 requirements are in FCOM

Question 12

What is the definition of RVSM?

Answer 12

Airspace where aircraft operate at a 1000ft vertical separation instead of the standard 2000ft between FL290 and FL410.

Question 13

What is the deviation value in RVSM airspace which must be reported?

Answer 13

300ft

Question 14

What is the flight plan symbol for RVSM?

Answer 14

W

Question 15

What do you do if the AP disengages on climb from FL280 to FL320?

Answer 15

Try to engage other AP, if no engagement then report “UNABLE RVSM DUE EQUIPMENT”

Question 16

Explain the interception procedure? What initial actions you should take?

Answer 16

1. Follow instructions given,
2. notify ATC,
3. attempt to establish comms on 121.5,
4. squawk 7700 unless otherwise specified,
5. Activate ADSB emergency function
   If instructions received by radio conflict with visual instructions, visual instructions have priority.

Question 17

What does it mean when the interceptor rocks his wings?

Answer 17

You have been intercepted. Follow me

Question 18

Abrupt climbing breakaway manoeuvre?

Answer 18

You may proceed

Question 19

Lowering landing gear with landing lights on while overflying runway?

Answer 19

Land Here

Question 20

Raising landing gear while passing over runway between 1000ft-2000ft, and flashing landing lights

Answer 20

Aerodrome unsuitable

Question 21

Regular switching on all lights, but not flashing

Answer 21

Cannot comply

Question 22

Irregular flashing of all lights

Answer 22

In distress

Question 23

How is the carriage of survival equipment notated on the ATC flight plan? (E/0341 P/TBN R/VE S/M J/L)

Answer 23

E = Endurance
P = POB
R = Emergency radio (VE – VHF and ELT)
S = Life Rafts (M – Maritime)
J = Life Jackets (L – Light)

Question 24

Explain the 3 stages of search and rescue in Japan

Answer 24

Uncertainty, Alert, Distress

Question 25

Explain the loss of communications procedure

Answer 25

When a loss of communications scenario occurs, the following procedures must be adopted.
• Attempt to re-establish comms (AIM 581)
• Squawk 7600
• Follow specified procedures (e.g. Vectoring) or:
• VFR aircraft or IFR aircraft possible to land in VMC shall execute landing at the nearest airport where safe landing is possible, then inform ATC. A pilot shall express intention to land by showing landing lights, and await light signal from tower.
• If VMC diversion is not possible, continue flight to clearance limit (i.e. approach commencement fix where the limit is the destination) via
• Route:
o When on own navigation, cleared route. If deviating from assigned route, follow instructions given prior to loss of communication, if no instruction given, proceed to nearest fix enroute
o When on vectoring, if target point has been specified, proceed to the nearest point enroute to the target/destination. If no target point has been specified, proceed to the nearest fix enroute to the destination.
o In either case, where not specified, use a STAR to track to the most likely instrument approach in service.
• Altitude:
o Continue MEA, MCA, MRA or assigned altitude, whichever is higher, until:
o In radar environment, 7 minutes after;
 7600SQK has been set,
 Time specified or
 Minimum altitude reached, whichever is later
o In non radar environment, 20 minutes after position report is not made at a compulsory reporting point
o Then climb to filed altitude
• Speed:
o Where speed adjustment has been instructed before communications are lost, maintain assigned speed until time to change to filed altitude, then change to filed speed
• When aircraft arrives over clearance limit, if approach clearance has been issued, descend to commencing ALT promptly. If no clearance has been issued, hold at the clearance limit until:
• Expected Approach Time, if specified previously
• Estimated approach fix arrival time, if notified to ATC previously
• EET + Departure time, if none of the above are applicable
• When communications are lost, the pilot should still transmit position, altitude and intention prefixed with “TRANSMITTING BLIND”

Question 26

What would trigger a search and rescue operation? (In relation to Loss of Communications)

Answer 26

Fail to arrive at destination for more than 15 mins past estimated

Question 27

Explain the concept of restricted surface in the airport circumference (AIM Ch11)

Answer 27

It is a fixed space without obstacles at an airport. They are defined independently for some specific airports that have instrument approaches. Obstacles may only be allowed to intrude at specific parts of this surface with the approval of the MLIT and issuance of NOTAMS.. Designed to protect aircraft that takeoff and land at an airport, including protection during wide traffic patterns due to fast flying aircraft.