January Exam Flashcards
Good reasons to have a structured design process-3 points
- To provide a language and framework for communicating the design process
- To create more and better solutions by overcoming ‘psychological inertia’ and make better decisions
- To externalize and record the rationale of the design
Paul and Beitz-3 types of engineering design aka dealing with other pre-existing designs
Original design-involves applying an original design
Adaptive design-involves adapting a known system to a changed task
Variant design-involves varying aspects of the system, the function and the solution principle remaining unchanged
Design according to Pahl and Beitz-4 things, think about the catapult project
CCED-Cats Can’t Eat Donuts
Clarification of task-functions and constraints
Conceptual design-function structures, solution principles
Embodiment design-layout and forms
Detail design-final form, arrangement, dimensions
Pahl and Beitz-model of the design process
Similar to catapult spec
TSCPDDS-The Scary Cat Placed Damaging Donuts Securely
Remember that you can go back and forth between each stage
Task Specification Concept Preliminary layout Definitive layout Documentation Solution
Elements of a design specification-4 points
Think about catapult design spec
RCCC
Requirements-what the artefact is to do BUT not how it is to do it
Split into desirable and demands
Constraints: Limits on design
Criteria: how do we know if design is good?
Context of use: how the product will be used
Elaborating a design spec:
How to split up requirements
How to word these requirements? Two points
Labelling as essential or nice to have
Abstract requirements-don’t imply specific solutions
Make them quantitative-specific quantities/numbers
Establishing function structures:
What are they?
Whats a solution neutral statement?
The overall function of the system in terms of energy, materials and signals
Basically a shitty mind map
A description of the function of the device independent of a solution
Whats a combination/morphological matrix?
A table with sub-functions (problems) going horizontally and solutions going vertically
4 types of sketchs: names and what they used for
TTPS-Tired Tourists Placed Sideways
Thinking sketches: using drawing for individual thinking process
Talking sketches: using shared drawing surface for group discussion
Prescriptive sketches: showing design decisions to people outside of design process
Storing sketches: archive designs, ideas and form
First angle vs third view
First: side on, then top view
Third: top view, then side on
Selecting design varients: the weighted objectives method
How it works
Problems
Each row is an attribute-e.g. for a car seating, fuel etc
You decide how much to weight each-i.e. how important it is.
Each column is a product
Give each a score out of 10, multiply it by its weight
Add them all up, biggest wins
Subjective and arbitrary
Sensitive to small changes
User can try and get the answers they want
Controlled convergence matrix:
How it works (think about poster)
Each row is an attribute-e.g. for a car seating, fuel etc
Use a product as datum to compare against others
Others are either +,- or S (same as datum)
Embodiment design-no clude what this is but 6 points
‘Form designs’
- Develop preliminary layouts and form designs
- Select best layout
- Evaluate against specification
- Optimise form designs
- Check for errors and cost effectiveness
- Prepare parts list and production documents
Detail design: 2 points
- Complete detail drawings and production documents
2. Check all production documents
Corporate Social Responsibility: definition
A private corporation has responsibilities to society that go beyond production of goods and services
Has a broader constituency to serve than stockholders alone
