James

Question 1

Antibiotic

Answer 1

A chemical that can be used as a medicine to kill bacteria or fungi in an affected animal or person

Question 2

Antimicrobial

Answer 2

A chemical that can be used as a medicine to kill any microorganism

Question 3

Antibody

Answer 3

Special protein in the body that can destroy a particular pathogen

Question 4

Antitoxin

Answer 4

An antibody produced by the immune system that will neutralise toxins

Question 5

Bronchi

Answer 5

Part of the respiratory system. The main tubular branches that lead into the lungs

Question 6

Contraceptive

Answer 6

Something that can be used to prevent pregnancy. Sum such as condoms can prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.

Question 7

Cilia

Answer 7

Hair like structures that are part of some cells

Question 8

Diarrhoea

Answer 8

Often a symptom of food poisoning. Less water is absorbed by the large intestine, so faeces are watery.

Question 9

Digitalis

Answer 9

A chemical extracted from foxgloves that affects heart rate.

Question 10

Efficacy

Answer 10

The ability of something (such as a drug) to be effective

Question 11

Fungicide

Answer 11

A chemical often used as a drug or by gardeners that will kill fungi

Question 12

Gonorrhoea

Answer 12

A sexually transmitted infection caused by a bacterium

Question 13

HIV

Answer 13

An infection caused by a virus that affects the immune system. It is transmitted by sexual contact or by the exchange of body fluids such as blood.

Question 14

Microorganism

Answer 14

A microscopic organism including bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses

Question 15

Measles

Answer 15

A disease caused by a virus. A serious illness that can cause serious side effects and can be fatal

Question 16

Malaria

Answer 16

A disease caused by a protist that is transmitted by female mosquitos. Malaria can be fatal.

Question 17

Mosquito

Answer 17

a small biting insect common in tropical regions. One species of mosquito is the vector for malaria

Question 18

Pathogen

Answer 18

An organism that can cause an infectious disease

Question 19

Protists

Answer 19

A microorganism that consists of a single cell. Some protists are pathogens.

Question 20

Phagocytosis

Answer 20

The process where white blood cells can engulf and digest bacteria

Question 21

Pharmaceutical

Answer 21

A medicinal drug

Question 22

Placebo

Answer 22

A substance given to patients during drug trails that they think is a drug but actually has no medicinal effect. This acts as a control.

Question 23

Salmonella

Answer 23

A type of bacteria that can use food poisoning

Question 24

Toxins

Answer 24

Chemicals that are poisonous, often secreted by bacteria that cause infectious diseases

Question 25

trachea

Answer 25

The windpipe

Question 26

Toxicity

Answer 26

A measure of how toxic a substance is towards an organism.

Question 27

Vector

Answer 27

An organism that does not cause an infection but passes a pathogen between organisms. E.g. a mosquito

Question 28

Vaccination

Answer 28

A method of preventing a future infection by exposing the organism to a weekend form of the pathogen to produce antibodies to the pathogen