Jainism & Buddhism Flashcards
Name the first, 23rd and 24th tirthankaras of Jainism
Rishabhdev, born in Ayodhya; parsavnath, born in Varanasi; vardhamana mahavira
Where was Mahavira born? What was his father and mother’s name?
Born in Kundagrama near Vaishali, north Bihar. Father-head of Kshatriya clan Jnatrika, called Siddhartha. Mother-Trishala.
Where did Mahavira pass away?
At age 72 in 468 BCE (debatable), he passed away at Pavapuri (near Rajgir).
Describe two sects of Jainism
Shvaitambaras: white dress clad (Magadha branch); Digambaras: those who keep themselves naked (southern branch)
What are the three jewels/triratna of Jainism?
Right knowledge, right faith and right action
What are basadis
Jaina monastic establishments
What language did early jainas adopt?
Prakrit and they discarded Sanskrit. Religious literature was written in ardhamagadhi.
Where was religious literature of jainas compiled?
Vallabhi in gujarat.
Where was Gautama Buddha born?
He was born to Shakya kashatriya family in Lumbini (Nepal, near kapilavastu).
Where did Gautama Buddha attain knowledge?
At Bodh Gaya, at the age of 35.
Where did Gautama Buddha deliver his first sermon?
Sarnath, in Benaras.
Where did Gautama Buddha pass away?
At age of 80, in Kusinagar (deoria, up)
What is eight fold path of Gautama Buddha called?
Ashtangika marga: right speech, right determination, right observation , right action, right livelihood, right exercise, right memory and right meditation.
What language is associated with spread of Buddhism?
Pali.
What are the three elements in Buddhism?
Buddha, sangha (Buddhist church), and Dhamma.
Which Buddhist text talks about cattle as givers of food.
Suttanipatta.
Archaeologically, 6th century BCE marks the beginning of?
NBPW (northern black polished ware) phase
The NPBW phase marked the beginning of which phase of urbanisation in India?
Second (first was during harappan civ)
Vessas were?
Merchant streets in Varanasi
Explain: Nishka and Satamana
Either coins or prestige objects of metal (mentioned in vedas)
Which were the earliest coins? Where were they first found?
Punch marked coins made of metal appear in the age of Buddha. Their earliest hoard was found UP and Magadha, some in Taxila.
What were the sulvasutras?
Texts dealing with measurements.
Pali texts speak of three types of villages in age of Buddha, what were they?
1) typical village inhabited by various castes and communities., headed by villages headman BHOJAKA
2) suburban villages: craft villages which served as markets and linked towns.
3) border villages: located at limits of countryside and merged into forests and inhabited by Fowlers and hunters.
What were rich peasants called?
Gahapatis
