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Block 10 Week 3 > Jacobs > Infertility > Flashcards

Jacobs > Infertility Flashcards

1
Q

define infertility

A

the inability to conceive a pregnancy after ONE YEAR of engaging in sexual intercourse w/o contraception
&/or the inability to carry a pregnancy to live birth

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2
Q

how many couples are affected by infertility?

A

one in six

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3
Q

what is the unique predicament facing medical students & infertility?

A

many students put off having babies until they are settled & can provide an optimal life for a baby, but by the time you get settled, fertility has declined

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4
Q

what % of women and men consider infertility as the MOST UPSETTING EXPERIENCE OF THEIR LIVES?

A

49% of women

15% of men

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5
Q

what is the downside to medical treatment of infertility?

A 
invasive
painful
embarrassing
time consuming
disruptive to schedule
\$\$\$\$$
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6
Q

what feelings can result from infertility?

A 
failure
shock
anger
loss
grief
sadness/depression
stress
loss of control & meaning
marital probs
estrangement
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7
Q

what are the 4 main causes of infertility?

A
  1. female factor
  2. male factor
  3. combined
  4. unexplained
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8
Q

what is the breakdown of % of each cause of infertility?

A
  1. female 35%
  2. male 35%
  3. combined 20%
  4. unexplained 10%
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9
Q

what are the 3 main female factor infertility causes?

A
  1. menstrual probs
  2. blockage
  3. structural probs
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10
Q

what are the 3 main male factor infertility causes?

A
  1. sperm
  2. blockage
  3. sexual fxn
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11
Q

what are the 7 main combined factor infertility causes?

A
  1. advanced age
  2. miscarriages
  3. STDs
  4. diabetes
  5. smoking
  6. alcohol/drugs
  7. weight
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12
Q

what does the choice of treatment for infertility depend on?

A

diagnosis & age

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13
Q

why would you give a (female) pt fertility drugs?

A

to regulate or stimulate ovulation

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14
Q

what are the 2 downsides to fertility drugs?

A
  1. hormones have side FX

2. difficult to inject

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15
Q

what are the 6 main treatments for infertility?

A
  1. fertility drugs
  2. abx
  3. artificial insemination
  4. surgical RX
  5. use of third parties
  6. assisted reproductive technologies
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16
Q

what are the 2 types of sperm you can use for artificial insemination?

A

husband’s sperm = AIH

donor sperm = AID

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17
Q

what are the 2 types of insemination?

A 
intrauterine = IUI
intracervical = ICI
18
Q

what are the 5 assisted reproductive technologies for treatment of infertility?

A
  1. IVF
  2. gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
  3. zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
  4. tubal embryo transfer (TET)
  5. micromanipulation
19
Q

what are the 2 micromanipulation techniques?

A
  1. intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

2. assisted hatching (to have a baby lizard)

20
Q

how do most couples schedule their life & fertility treatments?

A

life is usu scheduled around fertility treatments

it’s pretty disruptive

21
Q

T/F: most couples assume they will be able to have kids (i.e. “when, not if”)

A

TRUE

22
Q

in what ways can a couple experience surprise at infertility?

A
  1. successful ppl experiencing first failure

2. societal expectations

23
Q

T/F: some couples are relieved to get a dx that explains their inability to have a baby

A

true

24
Q

T/F: denial happens in response to the possibility of infertility

A

true

25
Q

what is a unique challenge of denial?

A

it can present difficulties if one partner is in denial & one is not

26
Q

what is the debate w/ stress & infertility?

A

kind of a chicken & egg deal
infertility definitely causes stress
but stress does NOT definitively cause infertility

27
Q

what are the 9 (ugh sorry) common emotional rxns to infertility?

A
  1. surprise
  2. denial
  3. stress
  4. anger
  5. guilt/neg self-image
  6. isolation
  7. sadness/grief
  8. questioning beliefs
  9. acceptance & resolution
28
Q

how should a clinician approach feelings of guilt w/ infertility?

A

fertility has nothing to do with worthiness

no scientific connection btwn “sins” & infertility so “atoning” won’t help

29
Q

how can infertility lead to estrangement?

A

marital conflict
gender diffs
a partner’s wish for secrecy

30
Q

how should a clinician handle isolation d/t infertility?

A

educate pts about how common infertility is

encourage social support

31
Q

T/F: full-blown depression is common w/ infertility

A

FALSE

sadness is common, but full-blown depression is not

32
Q

how can sex be affected by infertility & RX (5 ways)?

A
  1. regulated & monitored
  2. may feel a demand to perform
  3. may feel like work & not fun
  4. not spontaneous
  5. postcoital tests may cause pressure
33
Q

when do pts accept & resolve their infertility?

A

only after previous painful feelings are acknowledged & worked through

34
Q

T/F: acceptance & resolution = getting over infertility

A

FALSE

might not include getting over it

35
Q

treatment for infertility should involve a (__?__) approach

A

BPSS

36
Q

what should you educate an infertile couple about?

A
  1. medical aspects of infertility
  2. fertility treatments
  3. dispel myths about causes (i.e. punishment for sinning)
37
Q

what should you do with your pts emotional rxns to infertility?

A
  1. normalize & validate responses
  2. consider bibliotherapy, online resources
  3. refer to therapy
  4. encourage social support
38
Q

T/F: pts emotional rxns may be subclinical

A

true

39
Q

T/F: you shouldn’t bother asking about spiritual beliefs when evaluating infertility

A

FALSE

you should! refer to religious community if appropriate

40
Q

what book should you use for bibliotherapy?

A

coping w/ infertility

Block 10 Week 3 (7 decks)

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