JACCOL

Question 1

Jaundice

Answer 1

• Yellowing of skin, mucous membranes, and sclera due to BILIRUBIN
• Normal bilirubin ~1 mg/dL
• Colors changes from yellow to green
• Itching

1. Prehapatic- Hemolysis (increased unconjugated)
2. Hepatic - Impaired liver function (increased conjugated and unconjugated)
3. Post hepatic jaundice- Blocked bile ducts (increased conjugated)

Question 2

Anaemia

Answer 2

Decreased iron in the body causes reduced Hb by the body thus decreasing RBCs. This diminishes the oxygen carrying capacity thus resulting in hypoxia

Signs and symptoms
- Brittle nails
- Spoon shaped nails
- Angular stomatitis
- Brittle hair
- Dysphagia
- Glossitis
- Extreme fatigue

Question 3

Clubbing

Answer 3

Clubbing is an indication of lung, heart or digestive system due to chronic low levels of oxygen (hypoxemia)

1. Lung cancer
2. Cystic fibrosis
3. Celiac disease
4. Cirrhosis
5. Hodgkin lymphoma
6. Graves’ disease
7. Endocarditis

Question 4

Clubbing

Answer 4

Clubbing is an indication of lung, heart or digestive system due to chronic low levels of oxygen (hypoxemia)

1. Lung cancer
2. Cystic fibrosis
3. Celiac disease
4. Cirrhosis
5. Hodgkin lymphoma
6. Graves’ disease
7. Endocarditis