J3 Flashcards
what is Shabbat? [1]
the day of rest in Judaism
What is done to prepare for Shabbat? (3)
- Home is cleaned
- Food is prepared
(all of that can’t be done during shabbat = no work) - Many orthodox Jews and some reform Jews make preparations so they dont have to use or switch on electrical things.
what does Shabbat symbolise? [1]
God’s day of rest on the 7th day after the account in Gen 1
How is the Friday Shabbat dinner started? Who starts it? When? (3)
- Lighting candles and prays
- A member of the family, usually the mother
- Starts before sunset
when does Shabbat start and end? [2]
starts at sunset on Friday and ends at sunset on Saturday
What does the father of the household do during the friday meal? (2)
- Blesses the children and recites Kiddush.
- Kiddush is a Shabbat blessing. It is done over wine.
what is Shabbat for? [2]
rest and devotion to God
What is done after everyone washes their hands as a sign of purification before friday meal?(2)
- the head of the household uncovers the challah bread and says
a blessing, everyone eats. - after each course their might be scripture stories being told.
where was the rules around resting and the restrictions about what is forbidden during Shabbat developed? [2]
torah and talmud
What does the friday meal end with(1)
prayers of thanksgiving
what and when do the Shabbat rituals at home happen? [2]
friday evening, the shabbat meal
What does Rosh Hashanah mean?(2)
- The ‘head of the year’.
- Jewish new year and festival
of repentance.
when do most Jews go to the Synagogue on Shabbat? [1]
Saturday morning
When does Rosh Hashanah happen?(1)
- Between early September and early October
what are the 2 torah passages that show the significance of Shabbat? [2]
-Genesis 2:1-2
-Exodus 20:8-11
How long does Rosh Hashanah happen for? (1)
- the rituals take place over 2 days.
which type of prayers are not said on Shabbat? why? [2]
-prayers that are asking God for something
-because God is resting on Shabbat
What is Rosh Hashanah meant for?
How long can they do that for? (2)
- time to reflect on the
previous year and set things straight with others and with God. - the process of seeking forgiveness from God can continue up until Yom
Kippur.
up to how many services can happen over Shabbat? [1]
5
What are the customs of Rosh Hashanah? (3)
- can happen in both homes and synangogues.
- Shacharit and Musaf services in the synagogue the Amidah have longer than regular services.
- its traditional to read the story of Abraham and Isaac on Rosh Hashanah
what is the service on Friday evening before home services called? (Shabbat in the Synagogue) [1]
Kabbalat Shabbat
When is the shofar blown and can be how many times?(2)
- at Musaf the Shofar is blown several times w special prayers.
- some synagogue services may have up to 100 ‘blasts’ of the Shofar
what are the 4 usual Synagogue services? [4]
Shacharit, Musaf, Mincha, Ma’ariv
what can many Jews do other than attend Synagogue on Saturday morning? (Shabbat in the synagogue)[1]
spend time helping their children learn about the Torah or other parts of their faith etc
Rosh Hashanah is the time for what? (3)
- time for repentance,
- Hebrew term for this is Teshuvah.
- it is important to say sorry to God
for your sins during this
What is one of the rituals during Rosh Hashanah and its symbolism? (3)
- Tashlich.
- They throw small pepples into rivers or streams.
- A symbol of throwing away or casting off their sins.
what are the 4 rituals that take place involving the Torah before the reading during a Shabbat service? [4]
-the congregation stands when the ark is opened to reveal the Torah scrolls
-the Torah is taken from the Ark and dressed with a cover and various ornaments, such as a crown and a belt
-the Torah is held in front of the congregation while verses are chanted; it is then paraded round the synagogue
-when the Torah passes through the synagogue, many Jews touch it with their prayer book or tassels on their tallit, and then touch their lips
What do they eat in Rosh Hashanah? Why? Example? (3)
- Sweet food
- Jewish people repent they are hoping God will bless them with a sweet new year.
- to symbolise this is apples dipped in
honey.
what is the significance of the ritual:
the congregation stands when the ark is opened to reveal the Torah scrolls [1]
this is a reminder of who the Jews stood at the bottom of Mt. Sinai when Moses returned with the 10 commandments
what is the significance of the ritual:
the Torah is taken from the Ark and dressed with a cover and various ornaments, such as a crown and a belt [1]
this is a reminder of the vestments worn by priests in early Judaism
what is the significance of the ritual:
the Torah is held in front of the congregation while verses are chanted; it is then paraded round the synagogue [1]
this represents the march of wilderness, when the Hebrews carried the original Ark from Mt. Sinai to Jerusalem
what is the significance of the ritual:
when the Torah passes through the synagogue, many Jews touch it with their prayer book or tassels on their tallit, and then touch their lips [1]
this recalls Ezekiel 3:3 which tells Jews that God’s words should be on their lips
what is done after the reading is finished? (Shabbat in the synagogue) [2]
the Torah are dressed and paraded again before being put back in the Ark.
Then the Rabbi gives a sermon, this may be either based on the reading or something important in the news
what are 3 reasons why Shabbat rituals in the home are important? [3]
-Shabbat rituals begin in the home (lighting the candles, blessing the bread, etc…)
-Almost all Jewish families follow the Friday night rituals
-Family is very important and so going through these rituals for the Friday Shabbat meal is very important too
What are 3 reasons why Shabbat rituals in the Synagogue are important? [3]
-Significant rituals for the torah connected to Jewish history happen in the Synagogue. It reminds them of the importance of this
-Joining together with the wider Jewish community on shabbat to honour God is important
-Worshipping God is an important part of Shabbat, so going to Synagogue to do this is important
what does atonement mean? [1]
atone for something/make up for something
at one with God after repentance
fill in the blank:
Yom Kippur is the _______ day of the year [1]
holiest
what is Yom Kippur a day about? [1]
a day of atonement / a day to ask for forgiveness from God about the bad things you’ve done last year
on the days leading up to Yom Kippur, what do Jews do? why? [2]
apologise to people they could’ve upset/hurt
so when Yom Kippur comes, God will forgive them
how many prayer services in the synagogue are there during Yom Kippur? [1]
5
what do the prayer services in the synagogue during Yom Kippur focus on? [2]
asking God for forgiveness
and restore their relationship with Him
(they are given a final chance to confess their sins)
why are the doors of the ark closed? [1]
it shows God’s judgement is now sealed
what does the Priest do to tell people that Yom Kippur is finished? [1]
blow the shofar
what is Yizkor? [1]
dead families and friends are remembered
what do denying things on Yom Kippur show focus on? [1]
spiritual needs than material needs
Why do some Jews look forward to Yom Kippur? [1]
because it gives Jewish people a chance to atone for their wrong doings
What is Sukkot? [2]
-The feast of tabernacles
-Sukkot means tents or shelters
What is Shavuot? [2]
-Festival of weeks
-Originally a wheat harvest festival but now more focused on the delivery of the Torah to Israel
What is Simchat Torah? [2]
-Festival that follows Sukkot
-Mostly translated to mean ‘rejoicing the Torah’
What is the significance of building and using sukkah? [2]
-Reminds Jews about God sheltering them
-during their escape from Egypt
What is sukkah? [1]
Small huts with plant pots
