J+H: Mertons Strain Theory

Question 1

General overview of strain theory:

Answer 1

Social strain theory was developed by American sociologist Robert K. Merton. “Strain” refers to the discrepancies between culturally defined goals and the institutionalized means available to achieve these goals. It says that certain societal structures and pressure can lead to individual committing crime.

Question 2

How it relates to Jekyll and Hyde?

Answer 2

The cultural goal could be interpreted as being a respected Victorian archetype and by extension displaying those characteristics. This often meant not indulging in pleasures or repression one’s true nature to fit into the cultural goal.

Question 3

Hyde: Relation to Strain theory

Answer 3

The excessive societal pressure and social structures that had been moulded around reputation and respectability. Almost forces Hyde, to be represented as the rebellion is strain theory. Where the individual rejects the cultural goal and the means accepted by society to achieve those goals with their own. Hyde replaces respectable with his own pleasures. Often depicted as achieving them through atavistic manners(“ape-like”, “troglodytic”). Therefore overall, It can be viewed that Hyde is a victim of societal repression and in fact a product of constant pressure to conform. Displaying an attitude of nurture in his evil, however his atavistic manners can be depicted in lombroso’s theory as natural explanation for his evil.