IX - General Pathology of Infectious Diseases Flashcards
These agents cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
Prions(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 321
Infected cells show distinct nuclear and ill-defined cytoplasmic inclusions.
CMV infection(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 322
Infected cells show glassy nuclear inclusions, frequently with a surrounding halo.
Herpesvirus infection(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 322
Infected hepatocytes show diffuse granular (ground-glass) cytoplasm.
Hepatitis B viral infection(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 322
Sexually transmitted protozoan that can colonize the vagina and male urethra.
Trichimonas vaginalis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 325
Protozoan acquired either by contact with oocyte-shedding kittens or by consumption of cyst-ridden undercooked meat.
Toxoplasma gondii(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 325
Size of microorganisms for them to be inhaled directly into the alveoli.
5 um(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327
These microorganisms grow in contaminated food and releases powerful enterotoxins that cause food poisoning symptoms without any bacterial multiplication in the gut.
Staphylococcal strains(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327
Intestinal helminth that cause disease when present in large numbers or cause obstruction of the gut.
Ascaris lumbricoides(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 326
Helminth that causes iron deficiency anemia by chronic loss of blood.
Hookworms(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327
Helminth that depletes vitamin B12 giving rise to an illness resembling pernicious anemia.
Diphyllobotrium latum(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327
Placentofetal route as a mode of transmission is also referred to as ________.
Vertical transmission(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 329
The ability of bacteria to cause disease.
Virulence(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 331
Bacterial surface molecules that bind to host cells.
Adhesins(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 332
Filamentous proteins on gram negative bacteria which allow exchange of genes between bacteria, and also involved in adherence.
Fimbriae/pili(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 332
Clostridium perfringens produces this toxin that disrupts plasma membranes resulting in digestion of host tissues and collagen.
Alpha toxin (lecithinase)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334
Bacterial toxins with the capacity to stimulate large populations of T lymphocytes, functionally resulting in a “cytokine storm”.
Superantigens(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334
Examples of antigen presenting cells.
Dendritic cellsMacrophagesB-cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334
A superantigen secreted by S. aureus which causes inflammation, fever and shock. Found in the vagina of menstruating women.
Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334
Collection of neutrophils which gives rise to localized liquefactive necrosis.
Abscess(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334
High risk agents of bioterrorism which are easily disseminated and has high potential for mortality. An example is smallpox.
Category A(TOPNOTCH)
A distinctive form of mononuclear inflammation usually evoked by infectious agents that resist eradication, but are capable of stimulating strong T cell mediated immunity. Characterized by epitheloid cells which may fuse to form giant cells.
Granulomatous inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 335
Agents that are relatively easy to disseminate and produces moderate morbidity and low mortality. An example is E.coli O157:H7 which can cause HUS.
Category B(TOPNOTCH)
Includes emerging pathogens that have the potential for mass dissemination with high morbidity and mortality. Examples are Nipah virus and Hanta virus.
Category C(TOPNOTCH)
