IVMI Flashcards
What is a restriction?
A loss of range of motion with the joint surfaces still in contact.
Is a restriction a subluxation?
No.
How can you diagnose a restriction?
Motion Palpation.
True/False: Restrictions involve only bone and cartilage.
False.
What is the paraphysiologic range?
Small space beyond the active and passive ranges of motion, but before anatomical barriers are breached.
True/False: a correct manipulation does not rely on strength, but instead relies on speed and specificity.
True.
What is HVLA?
High Velocity, Low Amplitude.
What are the three components of a listing?
- Segment/Joint
- Reference Point.
- Direction.
What are three general ways a restriction affects the body?
- Local Effects
- Compensatory Effects.
- Nervous System Effects.
Describe the process of local effects caused by a restriction:
Adhesions, cartilage degeneration, and decreased circulation –> decreased ROM –> less imbibition –> cartilage degeneration –> decreased blood flow
What is a compensatory effect of a restriction?
Hypermobility in adjacent joints.
True/False: Adhesions form within the joint after a few days of immobilization.
True
True/False: When the muscular part of the musculotendinous unit is in spasm, it aids in tendon function.
False - the tendon has to stretch more to compensate and is vulnerable to injury.
What are the four ways the nervous system is affected by restrictions?
- Increased pain
- Lack of inhibition of sympathetics and nociception
- Decreased input to the cortex
- Interference with peripheral nerve function
True/False: a restriction can cause an inflammatory environment or create mechanical stress on the nerves.
True - direct cause of pain from a restriction.
True/False: pain is inhibited by movement.
True - movement stimulates Ia afferent fibers.
What are two effects of high sympathetic tone?
- Overloads the adrenals
2. Suppresses the immune system
How are peripheral nerves affected by restrictions?
Mechanical stress, muscle tension, inflammation, changes in blood flow.
True/False: movement is necessary for a healthy cortex.
True
True/False: A restriction cannot affect peripheral nerve function.
False
How is frequency of firing affected by a restriction?
FOF is decreased. Decreased movement = decreased FOF of sensory and motor neurons.
What are the four things neurons need to be healthy?
- Oxygen
- Glucose
- Neurotropic Factors
- Frequency of Firing
Name the five components of a set-up:
- Doctor Position
- Patient Position
- Doctor Contact Point
- Patient Contact Point
- Line of Drive
True/False: the correct line of drive is in the plane of the joint.
True