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Abdomen > IVC > Flashcards

IVC Flashcards

1
Q

What are the IVC tributaries from superior to inferior?

A
  • Hepatic veins (largest abdominal tributaries)
  • suprarenal veins
  • renal veins
    -Right gonadal vein (left gonadal vein empties into the left renal vein)
  • lumbar veins
  • common iliac veins
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2
Q

What is the measurement for abnormal dilation of the IVC ?

A

> 2.5cm
(valsalva maneuver causes dilation)

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3
Q

Indications to scan the IVC?

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • palpable mass
  • follow up filter placement
    -Hx of a renal tumor
  • thrombosis
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4
Q

What probes are used for IVC visualization ?

A

Adult - 2.5MHz to 6.5 MHz
Pediatric- 4MHz to 8MHz

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5
Q

What are the only anterior tributaries of the IVC?

A

Hepatic veins

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6
Q

What’s the only vessel that travels posterior to the IVC?

A

Right renal artery

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7
Q

What is the most common variant of the IVC?

A

Duplicated IVC
- The suprarenal IVC is normal while infrarenal is duplicated, and enters into the left renal vein

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8
Q

What is a transposed IVC?

A

IVC on the left side of the abdomen and usually crosses anterior to the aorta

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9
Q

What is interrupted IVC?

A
  • Congenital anomaly
  • IVC does not extend the entire way to the right atrium ; interrupted in upper abdomen
  • no intrahepatic segment of the IVC
  • abdominal flow enters the azygos and hemiazygos veins to reach SVC
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10
Q

What is the most common cause of IVC dilation?

A

Right sided heart failure

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11
Q

What can cause thrombus formation?

A
  • CHF
  • extrinsic compression
  • RCC
  • and other causes of blood stasis
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12
Q

What is a greenfield filter?

A
  • Used to prevent emboli from reaching the lungs (doesn’t prevent thrombus formation)
  • placed below the level of the renal veins
  • appears as an echogenic “umbrella” in the lumen of the IVC
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13
Q

What is the most common malignancy to invade the IVC?

A

RCC

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14
Q

What other malignancies can invade the IVC?

A

Liver, adrenal, and cardiac

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15
Q

What can displace the IVC?

A
  • A liver mass can displace it medically towards the aorta
  • a right renal/adrenal mass can displace it anterior and medial
  • retroperitoreal lymphadenopathy can displace the IVC anteriorly
  • a tortuous or aneurysm aorta can displace it laterally to the right
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16
Q

Compression of the IVC shows what Doppler waveform?

A

A continuous flow pattern

Abdomen (5 decks)

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