IV therapy Flashcards
isotonic
a solution that has same osmolarity as body fluids
hypotonic
solution that has a lower osmolarity than body fluids
hypertonic
solution that has a higher osmolarity than body fluids
infusion
slow, intentional introduction of fluid into a vein
electronic infusion device (EID)
medical device that delivers fluids into a PTs body in a controlled manner
drip/drop factor
- min flow rate
- the calibration or number of drops per ml of solution delivered for a particular drip chamber
drip chamber
the portion of an intravenous administration set that lies just below the tubing insertion spike and allows visualization of the individual drops of solution being infused; the portion squeezed and released to begin the flow of solution immediately after insertion of the spike into the solution bag or bottle when preparing an intravenous infusion set
roller clamp
a device with IV tubing threaded through it that acts as a valve when turned (rolled) to increase, decrease, or stop the flow of fluid through the tubing
fluid vol deficit
loss if both water and electrolytes from teh ECF, also called hypovolemia
infiltration
seepage or introduction of fluid, ex. IV fluid, into the tissues surrounding a blood vessel; similar to extravasation
phlebitis
inflammation of the vein
thrombosis
the formation or presence of a stationary blood clot within a blood vessel
heparin lock
an IV catheter inserted into a vein and left in place for the intermittent admin of med through its port or as an open line for emergency situations and intermittently flushed with a heparin solution to maintain patency
IVPB
medication and a small volume of IV fluid is infused through an existing IV line
backprime
- ## backprime the primary fluid up into the secondary tubing to displace the air in that tubing
intermittent infusion
infusion of a volume of fluid/medication over a set period of time at prescribed intervals and then stopped until the next dose is required. An intermittent IV medication may be called a piggyback medication, a secondary medication, or a mini bag medication
continuous infusion
Sometimes an IV medication or fluid is given continuously, or all the time. But sometimes we may want to administer an IV fluid and/or medication to a patient only at specific times; this is called an intermittent IV infusion.
Microdrip tubing
Microdrip tubing universally delivers 60 gtt/mL. It is used for infusing small or very precise amounts of fluids
macrodip tubing
his is the standard type of tubing used for general I.V. administration. This type of tubing delivers a certain number of gtt/mL, as specified by the manufacturer. Macrodrip tubing delivers 10, 15 or 20 gtts equal to 1 mL. Macrodrips are large drops; therefore, large amounts of fluid are administered in macrodrops.
extravasation
drug leaks outside the vein onto or into the skin, causing a reaction. In chemotherapy, drugs are classified into two broad categories based on the effect they have on tissues when they extravasate - irritants and vesicants.Mar 4, 2016
gravity infusion
gravity flow, height of the container influences flow rate
hourly rate
IV infusion rate
IV bolus
- introducing a concentrated dose of med directly into a systemic circulation
- dose can be restricted, but dangerous, not time for errors
- may cause direct irritation to lining of blood vessels
peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
a catheter used for long-term intravenous access and inserted in the basilic or cephalic vein just above or below the antecubital space with the tip of the catheter resting in the superior vena cava
central venous catheter
a blood-vessel access device usually inserted into the subclavian or jugular vein with the distal tip resting in the superior vena cava just above the right atrium; used for long-term intravenous therapy or parenteral nutrition
