IV therapy

Question 1

when to change a primary tubing

Answer 1

96 hours

Question 2

when to change a secondary or piggyback tubing

Answer 2

24 hours

Question 3

coolness, swollen and paleness are signs of

Answer 3

infiltration

Question 4

stop IV, discontinue IV, apply warm compress and elevate is an intervention for

Answer 4

infiltration

Question 5

too much medication in too short a period of time is

Answer 5

speed shock

Question 6

air enters the central veins and becomes trapped in the blood

Answer 6

air embolism

Question 7

infiltration of a vesicant drug

Answer 7

extravasation

Question 8

sudden, brief tightening of the muscle cells inside the walls of a blood vessel

Answer 8

venous spasm

Question 9

inflammatory damage to the lining of blood vessels

Answer 9

chemical phlebitis

Question 10

inflammation from the device itself

Answer 10

mechanical phlebitis

Question 11

dizziness, headache, flushing, hypotension, chest tightness, irregular heart rate are symptoms of

Answer 11

speed shock

Question 12

how can you prevent speed shock

Answer 12

by making sure speed is correct when counting drops per minute, set pump at correct rate or make sure pushing meds slowly

Question 13

what can cause a decreased cardiac output, shock, and death

Answer 13

air embolism

Question 14

lightheadedness, drop in blood pressure, weakness, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachypnea, expiratory wheezes are signs and symptoms of

Answer 14

air embolism

Question 15

what are the interventions of an air embolus

Answer 15

call for help
position the patient in trendelenburg and left side
administer oxygen
monitor vital signs

Question 16

pain or burning at site, skin tightness at site, blanching/cooling of skin, dependent edema of the affected extremity are the signs and symptoms of

Answer 16

extravasation

Question 17

what can the nurse do to prevent extravasation

Answer 17

dilute all medications
avoid high pressure pumps
monitor the IV site
educate the patient

Question 18

what are the causes of a venous spasm

Answer 18

viscous solutions
too rapid administration
cold or irritating solution

Question 19

sharp pain at the IV site and pain radiating up the arm are symptoms of

Answer 19

venous spasm

Question 20

how can the nurse prevent venous spasm

Answer 20

dilute med as recommended
admin medications at ROOM TEMP
admin solutions at the prescribed rate
restart any questionable IV
consider a warm compress during infusion

Question 21

the contributing factors of chemical phlebitis are

Answer 21

• too rapid infusion
• administration of irritation meds
• improperly mixed/diluted medication
• presence of particulate manner

Question 22

for gravity pump how many drops will deliver 1mL of fluid

Answer 22

15 drops

Question 23

for IV pump how many drops will deliver 1 mL of fluid

Answer 23

20 drops

Question 24

Levofloxacin 1 gram in 100 mL NS over 1 hour- drop factor is 20

Answer 24

answer is 33 gtts/min

Question 25

vancomycin 500 mg is 250 mL NS over 1 hour- drop factor is 20

Answer 25

answer is 83 gtts/min

Question 26

metronidazole 500 mg in 200 mL NS over 1 hour- drop factor is 15

Answer 26

answer is 50 gtts/min

Question 27

ceftriaxone 2 grams in 50 mL NS over 30 minutes- drop factor is 15

Answer 27

answer is 25 gtts/min

Question 28

D5W is

Answer 28

5% dextrose in water

Question 29

NS is

Answer 29

normal saline, 0.9% sodium chloride

Question 30

LR is

Answer 30

lactated ringers

Question 31

1/2 NS is

Answer 31

0.45% sodium chloride

Question 32

1/3 NS is

Answer 32

0.33% sodium chloride

Question 33

1/4 NS is

Answer 33

0.225% sodium chloride

Question 34

D2.5W is

Answer 34

2.5% Dextrose in water

Question 35

D5 1/2 NS is

Answer 35

5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride

Question 36

D5NS is

Answer 36

5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride

Question 37

D5LR

Answer 37

5% dextrose and lactated ringers

Question 38

D10W

Answer 38

10% dextrose in water