IV Start/IV Therapy (Prof. Courtney = Author) Flashcards

Prof. Courtney is the author of this deck; great review for med surg!

1
Q

Define crystalloids IV solutions

A

low cost salt solutions with small molecules that move easily around that body when given through a vein.
examples: Normal Saline, D5W, D5 1/2 NS + 20 meq KCL

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2
Q

Define colloid IV solutions

A

more expensive than crystalloids, colloids have bigger molecules that stay in the blood longer before passing into other parts of the body.
examples: dextran, albumin, blood and blood components

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3
Q

Define peripheral IV

A

catheter lies in a vein in an extremity

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4
Q

Define parenteral nutrition or TPN (total parenteral nutrition)

A

IV administration of a complex and highly concentrated solution that contain nutrients and electrolytes formulated for each patient’s individual nutritional needs

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5
Q

Define Isotonic solutions

A

have the same effective osmolarity as body fluids.
used for extracellular fluid volume replacement to prevent or treat a deficit.
examples: Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated Ringers (LR)

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6
Q

Define Hypotonic solutions

A

osmolarity is less than body fluids. dilutes body fluids and moves water into cells rehydrating the cell
examples: 1/4 normal saline and 1/2 normal saline

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7
Q

Define Hypertonic solutions

A

osmolarity is greater than body fluids pulling water out of cells causing them to shrivel.
examples: D10W, D5 1/2 3% NS

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8
Q

Name two isotonic solutions used in resuscitation efforts and to provide rapid fluid volume replacement

A

Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated Ringer (LR)

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9
Q

Potassium Chloride (KCL) given IV push can cause which conditions

A

cardiac dysrhythmia or cardiac arrest

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10
Q

True or False: When placing a venous access device (IV) the technique is always sterile.

A

True

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11
Q

When selecting the size of an over the needle device (angiocath) the larger the gauge the ________ diameter catheter is being used.

A

smaller

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12
Q

Define primary line

A

connects directly to the IV cannula that is in the patient vein

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13
Q

Define secondary line

A

shorter line used for IV medications and attaches to the primary line

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14
Q

Once the skin is punctured, the nurse removes the stylet ___________.

A

once blood return is noticed in the chamber signifying the cannula is in the vein

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15
Q

List indications for venipuncture:

A

blood specimen collection
fluid resuscitation
infuse medications
inject radiopaque tracers

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16
Q

Define IV patency

A

The IV fluids are flowing without obstruction through the cannula.

17
Q

Change IV tubing on a continuous infusion every ____ hours.

18
Q

Change IV tubing on an intermittent infusion every _____ hours.

19
Q

Change tubing for blood products every _____hours

20
Q

Change continuous IV lipid tubing every ____hours

21
Q

True or False: The changing of IV fluid bags and IV tubing is a sterile procedure.

22
Q

List the times it is appropriate to change an IV site dressing:

A

Replace when the IV tubing is changed
Gauze dressings should be changed every 48 hours
Dressing becomes damp, loose, or soiled

23
Q

Define infiltration:

A

IV fluid is leaking into the subcutaneous tissue causing edema, pain, coolness to the touch.

24
Q

Define phlebitis:

A

Inflammation of the inner layer of vein causing redness, pain, warmth, possible streaking.

25
IV sites should be assessed every ____ hours in oriented adults
4
26
IV sites should be assessed every _____ hours in children.
1
27
Define air embolism
blood vessel blockage caused by one or more bubbles of air in the circulatory system.
28
When removing an IV from a patient on anticoagulants, what should the nurse consider?
Hold extended pressure after removing the cannula until the bleeding stops
29
The spike of an IV tubing is sterile or unsterile?
Sterile
30
Before initiating an IV start intervention the nurse will put on the following PPE.
Gloves
31
A resilient vein that will most likely accept an IV cannula feel...
soft and bouncy
32
When starting an IV, the nurse will advance at an angle between _____ and _____ degrees with the bevel of the needle ______
10-30 | up