IV Start/IV Therapy (Prof. Courtney = Author) Flashcards

Prof. Courtney is the author of this deck; great review for med surg!

1
Q

Define crystalloids IV solutions

A

low cost salt solutions with small molecules that move easily around that body when given through a vein.
examples: Normal Saline, D5W, D5 1/2 NS + 20 meq KCL

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2
Q

Define colloid IV solutions

A

more expensive than crystalloids, colloids have bigger molecules that stay in the blood longer before passing into other parts of the body.
examples: dextran, albumin, blood and blood components

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3
Q

Define peripheral IV

A

catheter lies in a vein in an extremity

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4
Q

Define parenteral nutrition or TPN (total parenteral nutrition)

A

IV administration of a complex and highly concentrated solution that contain nutrients and electrolytes formulated for each patient’s individual nutritional needs

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5
Q

Define Isotonic solutions

A

have the same effective osmolarity as body fluids.
used for extracellular fluid volume replacement to prevent or treat a deficit.
examples: Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated Ringers (LR)

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6
Q

Define Hypotonic solutions

A

osmolarity is less than body fluids. dilutes body fluids and moves water into cells rehydrating the cell
examples: 1/4 normal saline and 1/2 normal saline

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7
Q

Define Hypertonic solutions

A

osmolarity is greater than body fluids pulling water out of cells causing them to shrivel.
examples: D10W, D5 1/2 3% NS

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8
Q

Name two isotonic solutions used in resuscitation efforts and to provide rapid fluid volume replacement

A

Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated Ringer (LR)

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9
Q

Potassium Chloride (KCL) given IV push can cause which conditions

A

cardiac dysrhythmia or cardiac arrest

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10
Q

True or False: When placing a venous access device (IV) the technique is always sterile.

A

True

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11
Q

When selecting the size of an over the needle device (angiocath) the larger the gauge the ________ diameter catheter is being used.

A

smaller

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12
Q

Define primary line

A

connects directly to the IV cannula that is in the patient vein

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13
Q

Define secondary line

A

shorter line used for IV medications and attaches to the primary line

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14
Q

Once the skin is punctured, the nurse removes the stylet ___________.

A

once blood return is noticed in the chamber signifying the cannula is in the vein

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15
Q

List indications for venipuncture:

A

blood specimen collection
fluid resuscitation
infuse medications
inject radiopaque tracers

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16
Q

Define IV patency

A

The IV fluids are flowing without obstruction through the cannula.

17
Q

Change IV tubing on a continuous infusion every ____ hours.

A

96

18
Q

Change IV tubing on an intermittent infusion every _____ hours.

A

24

19
Q

Change tubing for blood products every _____hours

A

4

20
Q

Change continuous IV lipid tubing every ____hours

A

24

21
Q

True or False: The changing of IV fluid bags and IV tubing is a sterile procedure.

A

True

22
Q

List the times it is appropriate to change an IV site dressing:

A

Replace when the IV tubing is changed
Gauze dressings should be changed every 48 hours
Dressing becomes damp, loose, or soiled

23
Q

Define infiltration:

A

IV fluid is leaking into the subcutaneous tissue causing edema, pain, coolness to the touch.

24
Q

Define phlebitis:

A

Inflammation of the inner layer of vein causing redness, pain, warmth, possible streaking.

25
Q

IV sites should be assessed every ____ hours in oriented adults

A

4

26
Q

IV sites should be assessed every _____ hours in children.

A

1

27
Q

Define air embolism

A

blood vessel blockage caused by one or more bubbles of air in the circulatory system.

28
Q

When removing an IV from a patient on anticoagulants, what should the nurse consider?

A

Hold extended pressure after removing the cannula until the bleeding stops

29
Q

The spike of an IV tubing is sterile or unsterile?

A

Sterile

30
Q

Before initiating an IV start intervention the nurse will put on the following PPE.

A

Gloves

31
Q

A resilient vein that will most likely accept an IV cannula feel…

A

soft and bouncy

32
Q

When starting an IV, the nurse will advance at an angle between _____ and _____ degrees with the bevel of the needle ______

A

10-30

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