IV Medication Test Out Flashcards
What are the side effects of cefazolin (Ancef)?
Diarrhea, yeast infections, allergic reactions
What is the use for cefazolin?
Treats infections IV or IM- cellulitis, UTI, pneumonia, strep Group B during labor and delivery
What is the drug class of cefazolin?
1st gen Cephalosporin antibiotic
What is the use for dexamethasone?
anti-inflammatory- croup, rheumatic problems, counteracts anti-tumor cancer drugs
What is the class for dexamethasone?
glucocorticoid
What are the side effects of dexamethasone?
thrush, cataracts
Classification of Levofloxacin?
Fluoroquinolones
Use of levofloxacin?
Bacterial infections, inhalation anthrax, treat and prevent plaque
Side effects of levofloxacin
interacts with OTC aluminum antacids, mineral supplements and many prescription drugs
Classification of lorazepam
Benzodiazepine
Use for lorazepam
anxiolytic- treats anxiety disorders
side effects/concerns of lorazepam
Drowsiness, sedation
Classification of morphine
pure opioid agonists
Uses for morphine
Analgesic- works in CNS and brain to block pain signals
concerns of morphine
high addiction potential, used in PCA pumps
Classification of acetaminophen
analgesic and antipyretic
uses/concerns for acetaminophen
reduces fevers, treats minor aches and pains, used in post-operative patients
concern of acetaminophen
administered to those older than 2 years old
Classification of Ondansetron
5 HT3 antagonist- antiemetic
Uses of ondansetron
antiemetic- prevents nausea and vomiting caused by radiation, chemotherapy, or surgery.
Side effects/concerns for ondansetron
IV injections slow push for small amounts or larger diluted volume administered on an IV pump
Classification of piperacillin/Tazobactam
penicillin antibiotic family
Uses of piperacillin/tazobactam
antibiotic- treats bacterial infections
Side effects/concerns of piperacillin/tazobactam
can cause serious allergic reactions or serious bleeding (bruising, black tarry stools, blood in urine)
Diltiazem classification
Non-Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker
Diltiazem uses
Calcium channel clocker- treats high BP and chest pain (angina)
Side effects/Concern of Diltiazem
Limit alcohol intake and excessive consumption of grapefruit juice
Magnesium Sulfate classification
sulfate
uses of magnesium sulfate
treats low serum magnesium, prevents seizures in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, in a code used for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, a tocolytic slows uterine contractions/preterm labor
Side effects/concern of magnesium sulfate
IV push, IV infusion over 20-60 mins, or mixed into total parenteral nutrition
Fentanyl classification
synthetic narcotic opioid
fentanyl uses
analgesia and anesthetic
Side effects of fentanyl
respiratory depression, high addiction potential
Hydromorphone classification
narcotic opioid
Uses of hydromorphone
treats moderate to severe pain, high addiction potential
side effects/concerns of hydromorphone
can interact with other meds and cause Serotonin Syndrome. Crosses the placenta, tapering off as needed to prevent withdrawal. Used in PCA pumps.
Ceftriaxone classifiction
broad spectrum, cephalosporin antibiotic
Ceftriaxone uses
treats bacterial infections: lower respiratory tract, sepsis, meningitis, genital infections, Lyme borreliosis
side effects/concerns of ceftriaxone
incompatible with many IV drugs, administer on a pump or slow iV
Classification of Prochlorperazine
typical antipsychotic
uses of prochlorperazine
used as an antiemetic and to treat nervous and mental conditions (schizophrenia) and non-psychotic anxiety.
Side effects/concern of prochlorperazine
decreases brain excitation
Famotidine classification
H2 receptor antagonist/antihistamine
Uses of famotidine
acid reducer
Side effects/concerns of famotidine
refrigerated- IV push over 2 mins or more or IV infusion 15-30 mins. Avoid injections containing benzyl alcohol in pregnant women and neonates.
Classification of Haloperidol Lactate
antipsychotic
Uses of haloperidol lactate
treats schizophrenia and acute agitation
side effects/concerns of haloperidol lactate
PO or IM route preferred due to risk of sudden death and EKG changes. Antipsychotics have risk of extrapyramidal symptoms
Classification of labetalol
beta blocker
Labetalol uses
treats acute high blood pressure relaxes blood vessels and slows heart rate
Side effects/concerns of labetalol
glucagon offsets overdose of beta blockers
Classification of metoclopramide
antiemetic and prokinetic
uses of metoclopramide
blocks messaging in brain between CTZ and vomiting center. Treats heartburn and increases motility with gastroparesis.
Side effects/concerns of metoclopramide
risk of tardive dyskinesia
Classification of methylprednisolone
glucocorticoid (steroid)
Uses of methylprednisolone
inflammatory conditions allergic disorders, dermatologic disorders, endocrine/GI diseases
side effects/concerns of methylprednisolone
contraindicated with fungal infections
Ketorolac classification
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
Uses of ketorolac
NSAID short term relief of pain
Concerns of ketorolac
limit to 5 days of use
Classification of Midazolam
Benzodiazepine Controlled schedule IV drug
Uses for midazolam
sedative- treats anxiety and causes drowsiness before medical procedures
side effects/concerns of midazolam
provides anterograde amnesia
Classification of diazepam
benzodiazepine controlled schedule IV
uses of diazepam
relief of anxiety and alcohol withdrawal, provides presurgical/procedural calmness
Concern of diazepam
flumazenil is the antidote to reverse benzodiazepine overdose
Furosemide classification
loop diuretic
use of furosemide
diuretic- treats CHF, kidney disease, hypertension
Meperidine classification
opioid agonist analgesic
Uses of meperidine
analgesia
side effects/concern of meperidine
high addiction potential, risk of delirium, used in PCA pumps
