IV Fluids Flashcards
What is the total loss of fluid in 24 hours?
1800-2500ml
How do you work out how much maintenance fluid we need?
421 formula
4ml/kg/hr for the first 10 kg
2ml/kg/hr for the next 10kg
1ml/kg/hr for the every kg after that.
How do we work out how much Na+ we require in 24 hours?
How do we work out how much K+ we require in 24 hours?
1ml/kg/24h
0.5ml/kg/24h
What is a normal urine output?
> 0.5ml/kg/hr
Example of colloid?
Why is it called a colloid?
Advantages?
Disadvantages?
Blood/Albumin/Pentastarch
Contains large proteins that can’t pass from plasma into interstitum.
Good for fluid challenges
Rarely cause anaphylaxis and renal failure (NICE don’t routinely recommend).
Three examples of crystalloid?
Which is most physiologically similar?
0.9% Saline
Hartmanns
5% Glucose
Hartmanns
Can you give K+ or Mg2+ on top of Hartmanns?
Which crystalloid is better for maintainence (saline or hartmanns)?
Which fluid would you give to increase maintenance but not affect electrolytes?
No
Saline as you can give KCl on top of bag to prevent hypernatraemia
5% Glucose
What happens to K+ after surgery and why?
If K+ is >4.5 what do you do?
If K+ normal/low?
K+ increases due to cell lysis after surgery.
No supplementation
Give small amount of fluid
If someone is ?sepis - what fluid do you give?
What type of shock do you get with sepsis and why?
Hartmanns/Saline
Distributive shock - due to leaky capillaries and intravascular depletion
If someone is fluid overloaded - what do you do?
Give furosemide + restrict to 1.5L/day
If someone has excesss Na+ - how might this affect their liver?
What fluid should you give?
Ascites
5% glucose
